Umkhiqizi Wethangi le-GLS Lamathangi Okugcina Insimbi Enezingilazi
Kwadalwa ngo 09.02
Umkhiqizi Wethangi le-GLS Lamathangi Okugcina Insimbi Ene-Glass Lined
Umenzi wamathangi e-GLS wenza izitsha zokugcina zensimbi ezinengilazi, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi insimbi enengilazi encibilikisiwe. I-enamel incibilikiswa emapanelini ensimbi yekhabhoni ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, okunikeza ungqimba luka-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm olulinganiswa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², luhlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC kuwo wonke amapaneli, futhi luqedwa ngobukhulu bokungalingani kwendawo ngaphansi kwe-Ra 0.8 µm. Lokho kukhiqiza ingaphakathi elingenazimbobo elingasoze ligqwalile, elingasoze lingcolise uketshezi olugciniwe, futhi kulinganiswa iminyaka engu-30 noma ngaphezulu ekusetshenzisweni komoya wasemkhathini. Amapaneli acishe abe ngu-1.2 m ububanzi abotshelwa ndawonye ngamabhawodi e-8.8-grade nama-EPDM gaskets, futhi amathangi angawodwa anikezwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³.
I-Glass-lined steel ihlezi endaweni encane yezobuchwepheshe phakathi kwethangi eline-plastic lining kanye nesitsha esingasheleli, futhi leyo ndawo iyona umthengi ayithengayo ngempela. Ishada kakhulu kune-stainless ngokusebenza okufanayo kokugqwala emisebenzini eminingi yamanzi namanzi angcolile, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunengaphakathi elipendwe noma eline-rubber lining. Lapho unjiniyela ekhetha uhlu lwabakhiqizi bamathangi e-GLS, imibuzo imayelana nenqubo yokuhlanganisa (fusion), irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwamaphaneli, nokuthi ingabe ifekthri ingaletha ububanzi obudingwa iphrojekthi. Esinye isinqumo ukuthenga okuvamile: imibhalo, isikhathi sokulethwa, ukuthunyelwa kanye nokuhlanganiswa endaweni.
Okusho ukuthi i-glass lining isho ukuthini efektri
Kuhlanganisiwe, akusetshenziswanga. I-enamel powder isetshenziswa nge-electrostatic endaweni yensimbi elungisiwe bese ishiswa esithandweni phakathi kuka-820 no-930 °C, ukuze ingilazi igeleze ingene ebusweni bensimbi kunokuba ihlahe phezu kwayo. Isendlalelo se-enamel esiqediwe silinganiselwa ku-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm futhi sikalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² ngokumelene nokugoba nokucindezelwa. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinto ezimbili zihlangana zibe yinhlanganisela eyodwa, indlela ejwayelekile yokwehluleka ayiyona ukuhlukaniswa kwesembozo kodwa ukuvezwa komphetho: umphetho osikiwe eflangini noma embotsheni, kanye nokuqhekeka komshini lapho. Yingakho imboni inakekela umphetho wephaneli, ibala iphaneli ngayinye, futhi ihlole nge-spark iphaneli ngayinye ku-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokupakisha.
Ukuqedwa kwendawo kuwumphumela wesibili. Iphaneli ye-enamel encibilikisiwe iphuma inobulukhuni obungaphansi kwe-Ra 0.8 µm, okuyisici esenza ukuthi le lining efanayo yamukeleke emanzini aphuzwayo kanye namazinga okudla, futhi emelana nokunqwabelana kwemfucuza ethangini lamanzi angcolile. Iphinde ihlanganise lonke uhla lwe-pH ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-14, ngakho imifudlana ehlukahlukene ye-asidi ne-alkali ayiphoqi ukushintshwa kwe-lining.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokushisa | 820–930 °C | I-Enamel ehlanganiswe epaneleni lensimbi |
Ubukhulu bongqimba lwe-Enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Kulinganiselwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² |
Ukuqhubeka kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | Akunazimbobo, ingaphakathi elilula ukulihlanza |
Ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi | 1500 V DC | Iphaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
Ukubekezelelwa kwe-pH | 1–14 | Ukuhlukahluka okubanzi nokushintshanayo kwamakhemikhali |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | Iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu | Inkonzo yokugcina ye-atmospheric |
Ububanzi bephaneli namabhawudi | Amaphaneli angaba ngu-~1.2 m, amabhawudi ezinga le-8.8 | Amajoyinti e-flange e-EPDM gasket |
Umthamo wethangi elilodwa | kufinyelela ku-60,000 m³ | Ububanzi buqhutshwa ukuhlelwa kwezinto zendawo |
Isitifiketi | NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI | Ngokwesidingo sephrojekthi |
Ukukhetha umkhiqizi, hhayi umkhiqizo
Umphumela ujwayelekile; umkhiqizi akajwayelekile. Uhlu lokuhlola lugcina ukuhlolwa kuthembekile. Cela uhlelo lwesithando somlilo kanye nebanga lokushisa elisebenza kulo, irekhodi lobukhulu be-enamel ngephaneli ngayinye, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC ngephaneli ngayinye enezinombolo zephaneli, umbiko wokuhlolwa kwezinto zensimbi, isitifiketi se-gasket namabhawodi, inqubo yokulungisa iphaneli ephukile noma enezimbobo, kanye nemidwebo yobukhulu kanye neyisisekelo. Buza ukuthi isithando somlilo sisebenza amaphaneli amangaki ngesonto nokuthi ukubhuka kwe-oda lakho kuqala nini, ngoba isikhathi sokulinda siyinkinga yomugqa wesithando somlilo, hhayi inkinga yenani le-oda. Buza ukuthi yiziphi izitifiketi zomkhiqizo ezinepulazi ezinaso kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinkomba zokuklama ezisebenza kuzo, okuthi kuthangi le-GLS i-AWWA D103-09 iyisisekelo esivamile, i-AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona, kanye ne-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001 yohlelo lwekhwalithi nokuphepha lwepulazi ngokwalo.
Bese uhlola izinto ezimbili umhleli wamaspredishithi ongeke azibonise. Okokuqala, ukuthi umshini wokunyathelisa kanye nesithando somlilo zisingatha amaphaneli amakhulu ngaphandle kokuphambuka, okuyimehluko phakathi kwe-oda lika-20,000 m³ elifika ngesikhathi kanye nomjikelezo wokwenziwa kabusha. Okwesibili, ukuthi uhlu lokupakisha luyavumelana nomdwebo wokuhlanganisa, ngoba iphaneli elahlekile esizeni liyisonto lokulinda.
Ukulethwa kanye nobubanzi besiza
Ithangi elinezingilazi eliboshwe ngamabhawodi lithunyelwa njengamaphaneli kumakhonteyina noma ngokwemithwalo engahlanganisiwe, okuyinto ebalulekile esizeni saphesheya esinomgwaqo omude wangaphakathi ezweni. Amaphaneli ehliswa ngokuhambisana nohlu lokupakisha futhi ahlolwe ukuthi awonakalanga yini kwezokuthutha, i-gasket ifakwa eflethini, amabhawodi aqiniswa ngetorque erekhodiwe kusethi yezinga lika-8.8, kanti uqweqwe lwakhiwa ngokulandela umucu ngamucu. Isisekelo siyindandatho yomhlabathi noma iphedi likakhonkolo elinokuhla okwemvume okushiwo kumklamo, ngoba umhlangano oboshwe ngamabhawodi awukwazi ukulandela ukuhluka kokuhla. Ithangi libe selihlolwa ngengcindezi yomoya ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba lithathe uketshezi lokucubungula, okuyisikhathi sokwamukela kunoma yimuphi umhlangano ovuzayo.
Izinga kufanele libhalwe ngokusobala: amaphaneli e-enamela kanye nophahla, isethi yebhawodi ne-gasket, ama-manway nama-nozzle, izibalo zomthwalo wesisekelo, ithimba lokuhlanganisa noma lokugada, ukuhlolwa kwamanzi, kanye nephakethe yamadokhumenti. Lapho iphrojekthi idinga uphahla olungavumeli umhwamuko, ipani elintantayo noma isembozo se-membrane ephindwe kabili engavumeli igesi, lokho kuyiphakethe lophahla phezu kwegobolondo elifanayo futhi kungena ku-oda efanayo.
Icala Lephrojekthi
Iphrojekthi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Isitoreji samanzi okuphuza anobubanzi obukhulu | INamibia | Ithangi le-GLS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa, ukuhlanganisa ububanzi obukhulu |
Ithangi lamanzi okuqeda umlilo, amayunithi amabili | ISichuan, eChina | Ithangi le-GLS | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa, φ19.87 × 14.4 m × 2 |
Uhlelo lwamathangi okungcola kamasipala, amayunithi ayi-10 | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GLS | 17,420 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, indawo enamathangi amaningi |
Amandla Obunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isike yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) e-China, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukwakhiwa kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Okokugcina okune-glass-lined lokhu kuhlanganisa inqubo yokuncibilikisa i-enamel engqimbeni ezimbili, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC ngephaneli ngayinye, ukuhlanganiswa okuboshiwe ngama-gaskets namabhawodi e-8.8-grade, kanye nephakethe lophahla lokusebenza okuqinile komhwamuko noma kokuqinile kwegesi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-GLS ne-GFS?
A1: La magama amabili achaza umndeni womkhiqizo ofanayo: insimbi ene-glass lining, ngokuvamile ebhalwa ngokuthi i-glass-fused-to-steel. Incazelo yobuchwepheshe iyafana, i-enamel inamatheliswa kumaphaneli e-carbon steel ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C.
Q2: Ingabe ithangi eline-glass lining liyisitsha sokucindezela?
A2: Cha. Yindawo yokugcina ye-atmospheric noma yengcindezi ephansi. Lapho kudingeka isitsha sokucindezela sangempela, lokho kuyisikophu esihlukile esihlinzekwa ngokucaciswa namakhodi okuvunyelwene ngawo enkontilekeni.
Q3: Kungani ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ku-1500 V DC kubalulekile?
A3: Kuthola izimbobo ezincane nezindawo ezincane ku-enamel evuthiwe kuwo wonke amaphaneli ngaphambi kokuba ithangi lihlanganiswe. Irekhodi lephaneli ngalinye liyidokhumenti eyinhloko yokwamukelwa kwefektri yokufakwa kwe-lining.
Q4: Iyini umthamo omkhulu?
A4: Amathangi angawodwa anikezwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ngale kwalokho umkhawulo obophayo uba umzila wendawo kanye ne-crane kunokuba kube yifekthri.
Q5: Yimaphi amadokhumenti okufanele afakwe ku-oda?
A5: Umbiko wokuhlolwa kwezinto, uhlelo lwe-enamel olunerekhodi lokushiswa, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ngepaneli ngayinye, irekhodi lokujiya, isitifiketi se-gasket ne-bolt, imidwebo yobukhulu nesisekelo, inqubo ye-torque, inqubo yokulungisa, kanye nesitifiketi somkhiqizo esidingekayo.
Q6: Ingabe ithangi lingandiswa kamuva?
A6: Yebo. Amapaneli aboshiwe avumela amaringi engeziwe noma ithangi lesibili eliseduze, okuwusizo lapho isitshalo noma uhlelo lwendawo lushintsha ngemva kokusebenza.
Umbuzo 7: Ingaphakathi ligcinwa kanjani lihlanzekile?
Impendulo 7: Ngokwemvelo yobuso. Ingaphakathi le-enamel elincibilikisiwe elingaphansi kuka-Ra ongu-0.8 µm alinazimbotshana futhi liyagezwa, alinaso isendlalelo sokumboza esingamunca noma sikhiphe izinto.
Ukukhetha umkhiqizi wethangi le-GLS kuyinqubo yokukhetha efana nokukhetha umkhiqizo. I-enamel ehlanganisiwe eshiselwa ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ungqimba luka-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm olukalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², ubuso be-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-spark kuka-1500 V ngephaneli ngayinye kungamaqiniso obuchwepheshe; uhlelo lwesithando somlilo, iphakethe lamadokhumenti kanye nohlelo lokuthumela kungamaqiniso ezentengiselwano. Lungisa kokubili encazelweni bese ithangi liba yimpahla yeminyaka engamashumi amathathu esikhundleni yeminyaka emihlanu. Thumela umthamo, uketshezi kanye nedatha yesayithi edeskini lobunjiniyela bese isiphakamiso sokukhetha kanye nephakethe lamadokhumenti kuyolandela.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela idatha yesitoreji ukuze ibuyekezwe umkhiqizi: umthamo odingekayo kanye nemikhawulo yobubanzi, uketshezi olugciniwe olune-pH kanye nezinga lokushisa, izinga lokuphuza noma lenqubo kanye nesitifiketi esidingekayo, izixhumanisi zendawo, isimo somhlabathi, umthamo wekhreyini, umzila wokuthutha kanye nechweba, kanye nomnqamulajuqu womsebenzi. Sizobuyisela ububanzi nokuphakama kwethangi, incazelo yesistimu ye-enamel, inani lamaphaneli nokulandelana kokukhiqiza, iphakethe lamadokhumenti asefekthri, uhlelo lokuthumela kanye nenqubo yokwamukela endaweni. Ukubuyekezwa kobunjiniyela kuqala, akunasibopho.
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