Iyini i-GFS Livestock Water Tank? Ingqalasizinda Ebalulekile Yamapulazi Anamuhla
Kwadalwa ngo 03.09
Yini Ithangi Lamanzi Lemfuyo le-GFS? Ingqalasizinda Ebalulekile Yamapulazi Esimanje
Ithangi lamanzi lemfuyo le-GFS linika ipulazi isitsha izilwane ezingeke zilichithe futhi amanzi angeke awugqwalise. I-enamel ihlanganiswa nensimbi ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ukujiya okungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm, kukalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², kuhlolwa nge-spark ngo-1500 V DC kulo lonke iphaneli futhi akunalo ukuqaqamba nge-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm, ngakho ingaphakathi ngeke lisiphulele emanzini okuphakelayo. Amaphaneli acishe abe ngu-1.2 m ububanzi aboshwa ngamabhawodi ezinga le-8.8 kanye nama-gasket e-EPDM, okugcina iqembu lasendaweni lincane futhi kuvumela ithangi ukuthi landiswe lapho umhlambi ukhula. Impilo yokuklama yiminyaka engu-30 noma ngaphezulu ekusetshenzisweni komoya, kuhlanganise nomsebenzi womgquba kanye nechibi lomquba.
Ithangi lasepulazini kufanele limelane nezinto isitshalo sokucubungula esingasoze sizibone. Izilwane zicindezela odongeni, zikhahlela isivalo sokungena, futhi zime ngezinselo emaphethelweni; ithangi lihlala ku-ammonia ne-hydrogen sulfide ezivela eshedeni eliseduze; amanzi ayabanda ebusika futhi afudumele ehlobo; futhi konke lokhu kuvame ukugcwaliswa futhi kukhishwe nsuku zonke ngaphandle kokuthi umuntu acabange nge-lining. Amathangi ensimbi abukeka kahle onyakeni wokuqala aqala ukuba nezimbobo ezincane onyakeni wesithathu futhi avuze onyakeni wesihlanu, futhi ukulungisa kusho ukukhipha amanzi ethangini eligcwele udaka. Lapho umlimi noma i-integrator ebheka izixazululo eziqinile zamathangi amanzi emfuyo e-GFS zokufuya kwezilwane kwanamuhla, isinqumo simayelana nokunciphisa lowo mjikelezo wokwehluleka ngenkathi kugcinwa amanzi ehlanzekile.
Umshini wepulazi owenzayo ethangini
Ama-ejenti amathathu enza umonakalo: amanzi, i-ammonia ne-sulfide, kanye nomthwalo wokushayisana. Amanzi emvula namanzi agciniwe athwala umoya-mpilo oncibilikile ne-CO2 futhi ahlasela insimbi engenalutho kancane kancane, yingakho ithangi lensimbi elingagcotshiwe liqala ukuba nemigodi emincane emgqeni wamanzi nangaphansi lapho inzika ihlezi khona. I-ammonia evela ezindlini zezifuyo ne-hydrogen sulfide evela e-slurry zombili zisheshisa lokho kuhlasela futhi zombili zikhona kunoma yisiphi isiza semfuyo. Bese kuba khona umthwalo womshini: ithangi lezinkomo liyaphushwa, ithangi lezingulube liba nezilwane ezimi emaphethelweni alo, kanti ithangi lendlu yezinkukhu lishaywa amaqembu okuhlanza ngamapayipi nangamafosholo.
I-Glass-fused-to-steel ibhekana nokuqala kokubili ngokwenza umgoqo wamanzi ube yingilazi. I-enamel ihlanganisa ububanzi be-pH kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-14, ngakho ngisho ithangi eliphinde lithathe umfudlana we-manure slurry onokushintshashintsha kwe-pH okubanzi lihlala lingaphakathi kwemikhawulo, futhi i-sulfide evela emadeleni iyabekezelelwa kulo lonke lelo banga. Engakuxazululi ukushaywa, ngakho incazelo kufanele ifake imithetho yokuphatha esizeni futhi, lapho izilwane zingena khona, uthango noma ugongolo lokuvikela ethangini.
Kungani indawo ye-enamel ibalulekile epulazini
Ukuhlanzeka kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi umbuzo ofanayo. Ingaphezulu elihlanganisiwe linobukhulu obungaphansi kuka-Ra 0.8 µm, okusho ukuthi i-biofilm, ulwelwe kanye nezinsalela zomquba akutholi indawo emhlabathini omncane, futhi ingaphakathi lingakhucululwa ngethumbu. Kuma-drinking water header, leyo mpawu efanayo isho ukuthi akukho mbala wokugqwala futhi akukho coating exegayo emgqeni womkhombe, okuyinto umkhiqizi ayihlola ngempela lapho ekhononda ngokushintsha kombala wamanzi obisini noma izilwane zenqaba umugqa. Emsebenzini we-slurry noma wamanzi angcolile, ingaphezulu elibushelelezi lisho ukuthi kuncane okunqwabelanayo phakathi kwezikhathi zokukhipha udaka.
Iphaneli ngayinye ihlolwa nge-spark nge-1500 V DC efektri, ngakho izimbobo ezincane zitholakala ngaphambi kokuba ithangi lihlanganiswe ngamabhawodi kunokuba zitholakale emgodini wamanzi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva. Leso sinyathelo esisodwa sokukhiqiza yisona sizathu sokuthi i-enamel lining inomthwalo wokuhlola ophansi kunezinto ezingaphakathi ezipendwe esikhathini seminyaka engama-30.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokushisa koqweqwe lwe-Enamel | 820–930 °C | Ingilazi ehlanganiswe epaneleni lensimbi |
Ukujiya kwesendlalelo se-Enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Kulinganiswa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² |
Ukungalingani kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | Kulula ukuyihlanza ngamanzi, ukubamba kwe-biofilm okuphansi |
Ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi | 1500 V DC | Ngephaneli ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa |
Ukubekezelela i-pH | 1–14 | Ibhekana nokushintshashintsha kwamanzi nomhlabathi womquba |
Ukubekezelela i-sulfide | i-enamel iyabekezelela kulo lonke uhla lwe-pH | Isimo somoya wendlu kanye negesi ye-slurry |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | Iminyaka engu-30 noma ngaphezulu | Inkonzo yasemapulazini yomoya wasemkhathini |
Ububanzi bamaphaneli namabhawudi | Amaphaneli angu-~1.2 m, amabhawudi ezinga 8.8 | I-EPDM gasket, iqembu elincane lasendaweni |
Isitifiketi | NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB | Umugqa wokuphuza lapho kudingeka khona |
Umthamo wethangi elilodwa | kufika ku-60,000 m³ | I-slurry lagoon iyakwazi |
Ukukala nokuhlelwa kwendawo
Qala emhlambini. Ichibi lamanzi okuphuza kufanele lihlanganise ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwezilwane kanye nendawo yokugcina yesevisi yokuhlanza kanye nekhefu lomugqa, futhi isibalo sokusetshenziswa silandela inani lamakhanda kanye nesabelo sansuku zonke sekhanda ngalinye. Isitolo se-slurry noma somquba silinganiswa ngevolumu ekhiqizwa ngosuku kanye nesizini yokugcina, ngendlela efanayo ye-dead volume njenganoma yiliphi ithangi: izinto eziqinile ezihlala phansi, i-scum entantayo, kanye ne-sludge okufanele ikhishwe ngaphambi kokuba ithathe ivolumu yokusebenza.
Isakhiwo sendawo sinquma konke okunye. Beka ithangi lapho umhlabathi ukhululeke kahle khona futhi izilwane zingakwazi ukuhamba ngaphansi kwalo, gcina umugqa wokugcwalisa kanye nokuchichima ngaphezu kwezinga lesikhukhula esiklanyelwe, futhi unikeze ithangi indlela yokufinyelela ithekhi noma ipayipi ngaphandle kokushayela egcekeni. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, beka indawo yokuphuma ngaphansi komugqa wesithwathwa noma ufake ukushisa epayipini lokuphuma, futhi ucabangele isivikelo somoya ohlangothini olubhekene nomoya. Isisekelo siyindandatho yomugqa noma iphedi likakhonkolo lapho ukuhlala okuvunyelwe kubhalwe phansi, ngoba umhlangano oboshiwe ngeke ulandele ukuhlala okungafani.
Lapho ithangi liwuhlelo lwamayunithi amaningi, ifomethi eboshiwe isiza kakhulu. Amathangi e-livestock wastewater ayisikhombisa ayengu-11,603 m³ anikezwa e-Yunnan, kanti elinye ithangi le-livestock wastewater elingu-1,248 m³ lanikezwa e-Canada. Womabili alandela iphethini efanayo: amaphaneli athunyelwa endaweni, iqembu elincane lahlanganisa amagobolondo, futhi amathangi aqalwa ukusebenza njengoba izakhiwo ziqalwa ukusetshenziswa.
Icala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Uhlelo lwamathangi amanzi angcolile emfuyo, amayunithi angu-7 | Yunnan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 11,603 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, indawo yepulazi enamathangi amaningi |
Ithangi lamanzi angcolile emfuyo | Canada | Ithangi le-GFS | 1,248 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, ukugcinwa kwamanzi angcolile asepulazini |
Uhlelo lwethangi lamanzi angcolile kamasipala, amayunithi ayi-10 | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 17,420 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, isigaba sesevisi yoketshezi oluseduze |
Amandla Obunjiniyela be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isisekelo samathangi okugcina amanzi ahlanganiswe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi angu-300,000 afakwe i-enamel ngonyaka, isiqedile imisebenzi efakiwe engaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ekufuyweni kwemfuyo lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulinganisa kwamanzi okuphuza nokugcinwa komhlabathi womquba, ukufakwa kwe-enamel encibilikisiwe enerekhodi lokuhlolwa kwephaneli ngayinye, kanye nobubanzi bokuhlanganiswa okuboshiwe neqembu elincane, okufanele izindawo zasemapulazini ezikude.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Ingabe ithangi elilodwa lingasebenza kokubili amanzi okuphuza nomhlabathi womquba?
Impendulo 1: Cha ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi cha okuphuza. Sebenzisa ithangi elihlukile kulokhu ngakunye, ngoba umfula womhlabathi womquba ngeke unikeze amanzi aphuzwayo, futhi iyunithi yamanzi aphuzwayo kufanele ibe nesitifiketi sokuxhumana namanzi okuphuza esidingwa iphrojekthi.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe i-enamel izohlala isikhathi esingakanani epulazini?
Impendulo 2: Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu noma ngaphezulu ekusetshenzisweni komoya wasemkhathini. I-enamel ihlanganiswa nensimbi, ngakho akukho coating ezoqhekeka; imikhawulo engokoqobo ukushaywa yizilwane kanye nesimo se-flange gaskets.
Umbuzo 3: Ingabe ithangi limelana ne-ammonia ne-hydrogen sulfide evela ezindlini?
Impendulo 3: Yebo. I-enamel ibekezelela i-sulfide futhi ihlanganisa i-pH 1 kuya ku-14, ngakho umoya wendlu negesi ye-slurry akuhlaseli ulwelwesi. Ukuphathwa kwegesi ngemuva kungumbuzo ohlukile.
Umbuzo 4: Ingabe ithangi lemfuyo livikelwa kanjani ezilwaneni?
Impendulo 4: Ngokubeka indawo, nge-guard rail noma uthango emaphethelweni, nange-hatch evala. I-enamel ngokwayo ibhekana nokuthintana; umthetho wemishini ukuvimbela izilwane ukuthi zingami emaphethelweni futhi zikhahlele i-hatch.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe ithangi lingandiswa lapho umhlambi ukhula?
Impendulo 5: Yebo. Amaringi engeziwe akhuphula umthamo wethangi elikhona futhi iyunithi yesibili ingengezwa esisekelweni esilungisiwe, yingakho iphedi yokuqala kufanele yakhelwe ukuhlelwa kokugcina.
Umbuzo 6: Yini inkinga yasebusika?
Impendulo 6: Ipayipi, hhayi ithangi. Beka indawo yokuphuma ngaphansi komugqa weqhwa noma uyishise nge-heat trace, gcina indlela yokukhipha amanzi ifinyeleleka, futhi qinisekisa ukuthi i-overflow ayibandi phezu kwethangi.
Umbuzo 7: Ikhwalithi yamanzi okuphuza ivikelwa kanjani?
Impendulo 7: Ngendawo yangaphakathi engaxebuki ku-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm engenasikhathi noma imfucumfucu yokumboza, nge-NSF/ANSI 61 noma i-WRAS eqinisekisiwe lapho kudingeka khona, nangemininingwane ye-gasket ne-flange ehlanzekayo engabambi amanzi.
Ama-GFS amathangi amanzi emfuyo ayizisombululo eziqinile zokufuya kwesimanje kwezilwane kumayelana nokususa izinto ezimbili ithangi lasepulazini elingeke likwazi ukuzikhokhela: ingaphakathi eligqwalile kanye nomkhumbi okufanele ukhishwe emsebenzini ngesikhathi esimatasa kakhulu onyakeni. I-enamel ehlanganisiwe eshiselwa ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C futhi ihlolwe nge-spark ku-1500 V DC iphaneli ngayinye ibamba amanzi, i-ammonia kanye ne-sulfide; ifomethi yephaneli eboshiwe ibamba indawo, usayizi weqembu kanye nokwanda kwesikhathi esizayo. Linganisa ngomhlambi kanye nesizini yokugcina, libeke lapho izilwane zingeke zifinyelele khona emaphethelweni, futhi hlela amapayipi ukuze kuvikelwe isithwathwa. Thumela inani lezilwane, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwansuku zonke, umthamo we-slurry kanye nezimo zendawo emnyangweni wonjiniyela futhi usayizi wethangi kanye nephakethe lamadokhumenti kuzobuya.
Khuluma nonjiniyela
Thumela idatha yepulazi ukuze kubuyekezwe ithangi: inani lezilwane kanye nesabelo samanzi sansuku zonke ngesilwane ngasinye, umthamo wamanzi agciniwe kanye nomthwalo wawo, umthamo we-slurry noma womquba kanye nesizini yokugcina, ukuthi isitifiketi samanzi aphuzwayo siyadingeka yini, isimo sezulu esibandayo kanye nokujula kwesithwathwa, ukufinyelela kwezilwane kanye nezinga lendawo, kanye nomzila wokuthutha wamaphaneli. Sizobuyisela ububanzi nobude bethangi, ukubalwa kosayizi, isincomo sokuqinisa, ukuhlelwa kwe-nozzle ne-overflow, imfuneko yesisekelo, kanye nephakethe eliphelele ledokhumenti yethenda. Ukubuyekezwa kobunjiniyela kuqala, akunasibopho.
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