I-Silo Yokugcina Ebusweni Obuyisicaba vs I-Silo Yokugcina Enomgodi: Okusele, Isikhala Esiphezulu kanye Nezindleko
Kwadalwa ngo 07.31
Amasilo Ezingcolile Anesisekelo Esisicaba vs Isisekelo se-Hopper: Insalela, Isikhala Esiphezulu kanye Nezindleko
Isisekelo esicaba vs isisekelo somgodi wokugcina okusanhlamvu kuwukuhwebelana phakathi komkhiqizo osele kanye nezindleko zesakhiwo. Isisekelo esicaba esinokuphuma komoya noma isikulufu sinikeza okusele okuphansi kakhulu kokusanhlamvu okugelezayo, phansi okushibhe kakhulu, kanye nokushanela okulula; sidinga indawo ephezulu eyengeziwe yemishini yokuhambisa futhi sishiya umkhiqizo omncane emakhoneni. Isisekelo somgodi noma isisekelo somgodi wokuhlunga sikhipha ngokuphelele emgodini owodwa noma eminingi, sivumelana nenqubo okufanele ikhiphe ngokuphelele isilo, futhi sibiza kakhulu endaweni ephezulu, ekhoneni lodonga kanye nokujula kwesisekelo. Kokubili kungakhiwa njengamagobolondo ensimbi aboshiwe anesisekelo esicaba noma esitshekile kakhulu.
Isisekelo se-silo yokugcina okusanhlamvu sinquma ukuthi ungashiya ngemuva umkhiqizo ongakanani, ukuthi isakhiwo sakho sidinga isikhala esingakanani phezulu, nokuthi isakhiwo sibiza malini, futhi ngokuvamile kungenye yezinto zokugcina ezidwetshwayo. Lokho kuyiphutha, ngoba ukukhetha kusakazekela ekuphakameni kwe-conveyor, ekujuleni kwesisekelo, endaweni yokuthatha uthuli kanye nenqubo yokuhlanza. Lapho umphathi wokusanhlamvu eqhathanisa ama-silo anesisekelo esicaba nama-silo anesisekelo se-hopper, umbuzo osemva kwesiqhathaniso awuvamisile ukuba yi-geometry. Kungukuthi ingabe umsebenzi ungamukela amaphesenti ambalwa okubanjwa ukuze uthole isitsha esishibhile, esilula, noma ingabe ikhilogremu ngayinye kufanele iphume. Lesi sihloko sibeka zombili izindlela kanye nezimo ezikhetha owinile.
Amasilo anesisekelo esisicaba
Iphansi elishibhile kakhulu, izinga elincane kakhulu lokuphinda kusale, ukushanela okuningi. I-silo enomhlabathi oyisicaba ithwala okusanhlamvu phansi komhlabathi ovundlile futhi ikhipha ngokusebenzisa i-aerodynamic slide, umgudu wokukhishwa ngesikulufu noma iphansi eliphushwayo. Okusanhlamvu okuhamba ngokukhululekile njengommbila noma ukolweni izinga lokusalela liphansi ngokuvamile amaphesenti ambalwa, futhi iphansi kulula ukulishanela phakathi kwezitshalo. Indlela yomthwalo ilula: okusanhlamvu kucindezela kuhle phansi, ngakho-ke i-floor slab noma i-bolted ring beam ibona umthwalo ogcwele ovundlile kanti udonga lubona ingcindezi eseceleni.
Izindleko zibonakala esakhiweni. Isisekelo esiyisicaba sidinga indawo yokuma eqondile phezu kophansi ukuze okusanhlamvu kusabalele, futhi imishini yokukhipha ihla noma iseceleni kophansi, okunyusa isakhiwo sokuhambisa. Lapho ama-silo amaningi eqoqwe ndawonye, amagalari okuhambisa abiweyo ngokuvamile anquma ukuhlelwa. Enye imininingwane okufanele icaciswe: ikhona laphakathi kophansi nodonga yilapho okusanhlamvu nothuli kuqoqana khona, ngakho ikhona langaphakathi kufanele libe ne-radius noma licaciswe ukuze kushelwe kalula esikhundleni sokushiya umsele.
Ama-silo anesisekelo se-hopper
Ukukhishwa okuphelele ngenani le-headroom ne-angle. I-hopper noma i-funnel bottom iqoqa okusanhlamvu endaweni eyodwa yokuphuma, noma eqenjini lezindawo zokuphuma, ukuze i-silo ithulule cishe yonke into, okubalulekile ekushajeni kwenqubo, esivunweni sekhwalithi ephezulu, noma entweni lapho insalela iyingozi yokungcola. Udonga kufanele lube mpo ngokwanele ukuze into igeleze kunokuba yakhe ibhuloho noma umgodi, futhi lelo angle lincike ku-angle of repose yokusanhlamvu kwangempela, okushintshashintsha ngomswakama nezinga lokulimala.
Izindleko zesakhiwo zingokoqobo. I-hopper iyikhoni elizisekelayo elithwala wonke umthwalo wokusanhlamvu liwufake emgodini wokuphuma, ngakho-ke lidinga ukujiya okwengeziwe kwamapuleti, uhlaka lwesakhiwo oluqinile ngaphezu komgodi wokuphuma, kanye nesisekelo esijulile noma i-hopper kakhonkolo ngezansi. Ku-silo yensimbi eboshwe ngamabhawudi, i-hopper yakhiwa ngamaphaneli atshekile anezihlanganisi ezivaliwe, futhi umgodi wokuphuma uxhuma ku-valve ejikelezayo noma isango lokushelela. Lapho isitshalo sinesisekelo esijulile esitholakalayo, umgodi oyisicwecwe kakhonkolo onombhobho wensimbi ngaphezulu yiwona mvumelwano ojwayelekile.
Ukuqhathanisa lezi zinto ngezinombolo ezibalulekile
Izinto ezine ziqhuba isinqumo. Izinga elisele: isisekelo esicaba sibamba iphesenti elincane lamathani, isisekelo se-hopper asibambi lutho. Isikhala esiphezulu: isisekelo se-hopper sisisebenzisa ku-cone, isisekelo esicaba sisisebenzisa endaweni yokulinganisa kanye nemishini yokukhipha. Izindleko: isisekelo esicaba sishibhile futhi ipuleti eliqondile le-hopper kanye nohlaka akushibhile. Ukuhlanzeka: iphansi elicaba elinekhona elishaneliwe kulula ukulihlanza; i-hopper ihlanzekile nge-geometry kodwa indawo yokuphuma kanye nemigqa ye-cone kudinga ukunakwa.
Kunesithathu isinqumo esifanele sibizwe. Ezingcolile ezigelezayo ezinesikhathi eside sokugcina, isisekelo esiyisicaba esinomgudu wokukhipha umoya ovundlile ngokuvamile sinqoba i-hopper ngoba insalela yamabele yinto encane, elindelekile, eshanyelwa ngaphandle ngemizuzu embalwa, futhi ukonga kwesakhiwo kukhokhela umsebenzi. Esiwini senani eliphezulu, umthwalo wokukhipha ngokuphelele, noma into enamathelayo ngokwanele ukuhlanganisa, i-hopper iyanqoba naphezu kwezindleko.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Isisekelo Esisicaba | Isisekelo se-Hopper |
Izinga lensalela elijwayelekile | phansi, amaphesenti ambalwa ezingcolile ezigelezayo | phansi kakhulu, ukukhipha cishe okuphelele |
Idivayisi yokukhipha | i-aerodynamic slide, i-screw outlet, i-push floor | i-valve ejikelezayo, i-slide gate, izindawo zokuphuma eziningi |
Ukuthambeka kodonga | mpo | emthambekeni, obekwa yi-engeli yokuphumula |
Isidingo sendawo yokungena | indawo yokulinganisa kanye nemishini yokukhipha | ubude bekhoni ngaphezu komgudu wokuphuma |
Izindleko zesakhiwo | iphansi eliphansi, indlela elula yomthwalo | ipuleti eliqonde kakhulu, ukwakheka, isisekelo esijulile |
Ukuhlanjululwa | ikhona elishaneliwe, kulula ukushanela ngesandla | hlanza ngejometri, qaphela indawo yokuphuma nemigqa yokuhlangana |
Ukufaneleka kokusanhlamvu | umbila ogeleza mahhala, ukolweni, ibhali | kunamathela, kuthambekele ekuxhumaneni, inani eliphezulu, inqubo yokugcwalisa nokukhipha konke |
Ukwakhiwa okuvamile | amaphaneli e-enameli aboshiwe noma insimbi eshiselwe | amaphaneli atshekile aboshiwe, noma ifaneli likakhonkolo kanye nesilinda sensimbi |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | Iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu | Iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu |
Igobolondo, ukufakwa kwangaphakathi kanye nombuzo wophahla
Noma yimuphi umgogodla owukhethayo, igobolondo nengaphakathi lenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Igobolondo eliboshwe ngezikhala ezingaba ngu-1.2 m ububanzi, elihlanganiswe ngamabhawodi e-8.8-grade kanye nama-EPDM gaskets, lihlangana ngokushesha futhi lingandiswa kamuva ngezindandatho ezengeziwe noma isilo yesibili. Ingaphakathi lensimbi yengilazi ehlanganiswe nge-enamel eshiswe ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, enengqimba ye-enamel engu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm ebhalwe ngaphezu kwe-3,450 N/cm² kanye nokhahlelo olungaphansi kwe-Ra 0.8 µm, linikeza indawo ehlanzekayo engangenisi lutho yamazinga okuthinta ukudla, futhi wonke amaphaneli ahlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. I-enamel ihlanganisa i-pH 1 kuya ku-14, okuyinto engeyona inkinga kokusanhlamvu kodwa iyasiza uma isilo isetshenziselwa umsebenzi oxubile.
Uphahla lubalulekile kuzo zombili izinhlobo zangaphansi, ngoba okusanhlamvu kuletha umswakama nokushisa kanye nakho. Ukujiya kwamanzi ngaphakathi kophahla kudonsela phezu kwesixhobo esiphezulu futhi kuqale isikhunta, ngakho-ke indlela yomhwamuko kufanele yakhiwe: uphahla oluvaliwe, umthambeka wangaphakathi oya emseleni wamanzi, umoya ovulekile olingana nokushintshana komoya wokwehlisa, futhi ezindaweni ezinomswakama umoya wokungenisa osuswe umswakama. Isimo sophahla ngokuvamile siyidome ye-aluminium ngokwe-AWWA D108 noma i-API 650 enomoya neqhwa ngokwe-ADM 2015 ne-ASCE 7-10, noma uphahla lwamapuleti anohlaka lapho kudingeka khona indlela yokuhamba.
Ikhasi Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lokugcina eline-welded elikhulu elinobubanzi obukhulu, amayunithi amabili | Beijing, China | Ithangi lensimbi eline-welded | 9,682 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, φ16.23 × 23.4 m × 2 |
Ithangi lamanzi aphuzwayo elikhulu lobubanzi | Namibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada, ukuhlanganisa ububanzi obukhulu |
Ithangi lamanzi omlilo, amayunithi amabili | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada, φ19.87 × 14.4 m × 2 |
Kumaphrojekthi akulesi sigaba sesevisi, i-Center Enamel ihlinzeka ngamathangi afanayo e-glass-fused-to-steel okugcina uketshezi kamasipala nezimboni, futhi ubukhulu bawo buqinisekiswa yincazelo yephrojekthi.
Amandla Obunjiniyela e-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isike yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngezibophezelo kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) e-China, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kusebenza ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ekugcineni okusanhlamvu lokhu kuhlanganisa amagobolondo e-enamela aboshiwe anomhlaba oyisicaba noma onamathela phansi, uhlobo lwophahla nemininingwane yomphetho kanye nokulawulwa kothuli nokujiya, kanye nefayela lesimemezelo le-FDA ne-LFGB lokuhlolwa kokuphepha kokudla.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Yimuphi umhlaba oshiya okusanhlamvu okuncane ngemuva?
Impendulo 1: Umhlaba we-hopper, ngokwejiyometri, cishe awushiyi lutho. Umhlaba oyisicaba onomgudu wokuphuma we-aerodynamic noma wesikulufu usagcina iphesenti elincane lokusanhlamvu okuhamba ngokukhululekile, okuvame ukushanelwa ngemizuzu embalwa.
Umbuzo 2: Yini lapho isisekelo esicaba sibiza kancane kukonke?
Impendulo 2: Lapho isakhiwo sokuhambisa singadingi ukuphakama okwengeziwe, phansi kulula, futhi okusalayo okusanhlamvu kwamukeleka. Ukonga kwesisekelo esicaba kuyanyamalala uma isikhala sokulinganisa kanye nemishini yokukhipha kuphoqa isakhiwo eside.
Umbuzo 3: Kufanele kube mude kangakanani umgodi wokugcina okusanhlamvu?
Impendulo 3: Kuncike ekhoneni lokulala kokusanhlamvu kwakho kwangempela, esimweni saso esibi kakhulu somswakama nokulimala, hhayi enanini elisetafuleni. Qinisekisa ngokuhlolwa kokugeleza kokusanhlamvu kwangempela.
Umbuzo 4: Ingabe igobolondo le-enamel eliboshiwe lingasetshenziswa nesisekelo somgodi wokugcina okusanhlamvu?
A4: Yebo. I-hopper yakhiwe ngamaphaneli e-enameli atshekile anezihlanganisi ezivaliwe futhi ukuxhumana kokuphuma kuchazwa nge-valve ejikelezayo noma isango lokushelela, kuyilapho ingaphakathi le-enameli ligcina indawo ihlanzeka.
Q5: Yini enquma ukuphakama kwe-silo ngesisindo esithile?
A5: Isisindo sihlukaniswa nokuminyana kobuningi, cishe 720 kg/m³ kummbila, kuguqulwe kube umthamo wokugcina, kanye nendawo ekhululekile ngaphezu kwezinga lokugcwalisa eliphezulu futhi, kwi-hopper, ukuphakama kwekhoni.
Q6: Ngidinga phansi olukhethekile lwe-silo yokusanhlamvu?
A6: Iphansi kufanele lithwale umthwalo ophelele oqondile futhi likwazi ukushanela ekhoneni lodonga. I-slab kakhonkolo noma i-ring beam eboshiwe enokuhlala okulawulwayo iyilokho okujwayelekile.
Q7: Ngingakwazi ukwengeza ama-silo kamuva?
A7: Yebo. Igobolondo eliboshiwe lingathatha amaringi engeziwe noma iyunithi engumakhelwane, futhi uphahla lungashintshwa ngaphandle kokuthinta amagobolondo angaphansi, okufanele ukwanda okutshaliwe.
Isisekelo esicaba siphikisana nesisekelo somgodi kunqunywa ukubekezelelwa kwensalela, hhayi ngokuthanda. Khetha isisekelo esicaba lapho amaphesenti ambalwa okugcinwa kukhonza kushibhile kunendawo eyengeziwe yokugcina, ipuleti eliqonde kakhulu kanye nesisekelo esijulile, futhi khetha umgodi lapho ukukhishwa okuphelele kuyisidingo senqubo noma isivuno sifanele isakhiwo. Yakha noma yikuphi phezu kwegobolondo eliboshiwe elinengaphakathi eline-enamel kanye nophahla olusingatha ukufunga komoya, futhi isilo sizogcina okusanhlamvu iminyaka engamashumi amathathu noma ngaphezulu ngengaphakathi elihlanzekayo. Thumela isivuno, isisindo, ukubekezelelwa kwensalela kanye nejiyometri yesayithi etafuleni lobunjiniyela futhi uhlobo lwesisekelo, ububanzi besilo kanye nephakethe lamadokhumenti kuzobuya.
Khuluma nonjiniyela
Thumela idatha yezinhlamvu zokuhlolwa kokukhethwa kwesilo: uhlobo lwesitshalo kanye nokuminyana kwesibalo, isisindo samathani okugcinwa kanye nesikhathi, ukuthi kudingeka yini ukukhishwa okuphelele, insalela evumelekile, ubude obukhona kanye nokujula kwesisekelo, indlela yokukhipha osuyisebenzisa, kanye nezimo zomoya neqhwa zesizinda. Sizobuyisela isincomo sohlobo lwangaphansi kanye nokuthambeka kodonga, ububanzi besilo nokuphakama, uhlobo lwophahla kanye nemininingwane yomphetho, inketho yokufaka ngaphakathi, kanye nephakethe eliphelele ledokhumenti yethenda. Ukuhlolwa kobunjiniyela kuqala, akunasibopho.
WhatsApp