Ifekthri Yethangi le-GFS Elihlanganisa Kabili I-Enamels Yesikhungo Uhlelo Lwe-Enamel Olunamajazi Amabili
Kwadalwa ngo 09.02
I-Double Coating Gfs Tank Factory Center Enamels Two Coat Enamel System
I-double coating GFS tank factory isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-enamel ngezendlalelo ezimbili, isendlalelo saphansi noma se-primer esibopha ensimbi kanye nesendlalelo esiphezulu noma sokumboza esakha indawo yengilazi eqediwe, bese ishisa kokubili ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C ukuze izendlalelo zihlangane zibe yiphaneli eyodwa. Isendlalelo se-enamel esiqediwe sikhula sisuka ku-0.25 siye ku-0.45 mm, silinganiswa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm², futhi sihlolwa nge-spark ku-1500 V DC kuyo yonke iphaneli ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Ekuthengeni, ubufakazi bokwamukelwa obubalulekile irekhodi lokuhlolwa nge-spark ngephaneli ngayinye, umbiko wokuhlolwa kwezinto, isitifiketi se-gasket ne-bolt, kanye nohlelo olubhaliwe lokushisa olubonisa ukuthi izendlalelo ezimbili zelashwa ngendlela efanele.
Amathimba ezokuthenga akhetha umhlinzeki wensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi (glass-fused-to-steel) ajwayele ukuqhathanisa izinombolo zobukhulu namanani, bese ethola ngesikhathi sokuqala ukusebenza ukuthi uhlelo lokumboza ababeluthengile lwaluwumboco owodwa omncane phezu kwesisekelo esingalungiselelwe kahle. Ibinzana elithi uhlelo lwe-enamel yamaboco amabili lichaza indlela ejwayelekile yokukhiqiza: iboco lokuqala lingena ensimbi elungiselelwe, kanti iboco lesibili linikeza indawo engamelana namakhemikhali futhi enobulukhuni obuphansi. Uma uvakashela noma uhlola imboni yamathangi e-GFS enombolo ephindwe kabili, imibuzo ehlukanisa umhlinzeki othembekile imayelana nokulawulwa kwesithando, ukulungiselelwa kwamaphaneli, kanye namaphepha ahamba nepaneli ngayinye. Lesi sihloko sichaza inqubo, imibhalo yokwamukela, isikhathi sokulinda esingokoqobo kanye nokuhlolwa kwesizeni okuvala i-oda. Umhlinzeki ocwaningwayo iyimboni yamathangi e-GFS enombolo ephindwe kabili i-Center Enamel uhlelo lwe-enamel yamaboco amabili, futhi uhlelo lwesithando yilapho isimangalo sifakazelwa khona noma sichithwa khona.
Okwenziwa ngempela uhlelo lwengubo ezimbili
Ama-coat amabili ayisu lokulungisa isici esiyiphutha, hhayi ibinzana lokumaketha. I-ground coat ithwala isibopho somshini ensimbi futhi ingene ebusheleleni obuncane bendawo elungisiwe, ivala iphaneli ukuze kungabi nemigodi ohlangothini lwensimbi. I-top coat bese ihlinzeka ngengqimba yengilazi eqediwe ngokumelana namakhemikhali kanye nokuphela kwendawo okubonwa uketshezi. Esithandweni esisebenza kusuka ku-820 kuye ku-930 °C, ama-coat amabili ashiswa abe yinhlanganisela eyodwa nensimbi, ngakho umngcele ohlulekayo ku-organic lining, indawo ephakathi ngaphansi kwe-coating, ayikho lapha. Ingqimba ye-enamel igcina ingu-0.25 kuye ku-0.45 mm ubukhulu futhi ilinganiswa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² ngokumelana nokugoba nomthwalo wokucindezela, futhi indawo ephumayo iyingilazi enobushwele obungaphansi kwe-Ra 0.8 µm, yingakho le lining efanayo yamukelwa emanzini okuphuza kanye namazinga okuthinta ukudla.
Umphumela ongokoqobo kumthengi ukuthi izimbobo ezincane nezindawo ezincane zitholakala efektri, hhayi ethangini lakho. Iphaneli ngayinye ihlolwa nge-spark nge-1500 V DC ngaphambi kokuba ipakishwe, futhi iphaneli ekhombisa iphutha iyalungiswa noma yenqatshwe lapho. Lelo khasi elilodwa, irekhodi lokuhlolwa nge-spark elihambisana nenombolo yephaneli, liwumgogodla wayo yonke ifayela lokwamukela.
Okufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuhlolwa kwefekthri
Ukulawulwa kwenqubo kuqinisekiseka ezindaweni ezine. Okokuqala, ukulungiselelwa kwephaneli: ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali nokwelashwa kwendawo ngaphambi kwengubo yokuqala, ngoba ukwehluleka kokunamathela kubonakala njengokuhlukaniswa kwezendlalelo kamuva. Okwesibili, isithando somlilo: izinga lokushisa elirekhodiwe lokushisa kanye nokuhlelwa kwendawo, njengoba ingubo eshiswe ngaphansi noma ngaphezulu kwewindi ishintsha ukugeleza nobukhulu. Okwesithathu, umugqa wokumboza ngokwawo: i-enamel powder ecacisiwe, ukwakheka kwesendlalelo okukalwa ngephaneli ngayinye, kanye nobukhulu besendlalelo se-enamel esiqediwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm. Okwesine, isiteshi sokuhlola: i-voltage yokuhlola inhlansi, inqubo yokulungisa amaphutha amancane, kanye nendlela ukulungiswa okulotshwa ngayo.
Isilinganiso sesikhungo sengxenye yokuhlolwa futhi. Umhlinzeki osebenza cishe ngamapuleti ensimbi angu-300,000 ahlanganiswe nge-enamel ngonyaka anamalungelo obunikazi ahlobene ne-enamel acishe abe ngu-200 kanye nesizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² angagcina uhlelo lwesithando somlilo lapho amaphrojekthi amaningi esesitolo ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyilapho khona indawo yokusebenza encane yehla khona. Amathangi angawodwa anikezwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³, ngakho umshini wokucindezela, isithando somlilo kanye nomugqa wokupakisha kufanele kubhekane namaphaneli amakhulu ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Imininingwane Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Inothi |
Uhlelo lokumboza | izimbobo ezimbili: ingubo yaphansi kanye nengubo ephezulu | Kufakwe epaneleni lensimbi |
Izinga lokushisa lokushisa | 820–930 °C | Irekodi yesheduli yesithando igcinwa ngebhetshi ngayinye |
Ubukhulu bengqimba ye-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Isakhiwo esiphelele se-enamel esishisiwe ngepaneli |
Amandla wengqimba ye-enamel | ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² | Ukumelana nokugoba nokucindezela |
Ukungalingani kwendawo | Ra < 0.8 µm | Kulula ukuhlanza, izinga lokuphuza nokudla okuthintwayo |
Ukuhlolwa kwe-spark | 1500 V DC | Ngephane ngayinye, ngaphambi kokupakisha |
Ukubekezelelwa kwe-pH | 1–14 | Indawo ebanzi yamakhemikhali |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | Iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu | Inkonzo yokugcina emkhathini |
Iphaneli namabhawodi | ~1.2 m amaphaneli, amabhawodi ezinga le-8.8 | Amalunga e-flange ane-EPDM gasketed |
Ifayela lokuthenga: okufanele kufunwe ngaphambi kokukhokha
Bhala uhlu lwemibhalo kusipesifikheshini yokuthenga bese ulinganisa umhlinzeki nalo. Okuncane okudingekayo kuthangi le-enamel eliboshwe ngamabhawudi umbiko wokuhlolwa kwezinto zensimbi yesipaneli okuhlanganisa izinga nobukhulu, uhlelo lwe-enamel oluchaza izingubo ezimbili nesikhathi sokushisa, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark yesipaneli ngasinye elinokubhalwa kwezinombolo zephaneli, irekhodi lobukhulu bokumboza, isitifiketi se-gasket namabhawudi, incazelo yokwelashwa komphetho wokushisela noma wokusika, umdwebo wezilinganiso wethangi elihlanganisiwe, umdwebo womthwalo wesisekelo, inqubo yokuhlanganisa nokubopha amabhawudi nge-torque, inqubo yokulungisa ukumboza, kanye nesitifiketi sokuvumelana nokuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo okudingwa iphrojekthi. Lapho uketshezi olugciniwe kungamanzi okuphuza, ukumboza kufanele kube nesitifiketi esifanele sokuthintana namanzi okuphuza njenge-NSF/ANSI 61 noma i-WRAS; lapho iphrojekthi iseYurophu, i-CE ku-EN 1090 ne-ISO 28765 yizinkomba ezivamile, futhi uhlelo lwekhwalithi yokukhiqiza yi-ISO 9001 kanye ne-ISO 45001 yeshabhu.
Isikhathi sokuhola siyincike emgqeni wesithando, hhayi ngosayizi we-oda kuphela. Uhlelo lokuthenga olungokoqobo lucela umphakeli ukubhukha kwesithando, uhlelo lokukhiqiza amaphaneli ngesonto, indlela yokuthumela nosuku lokuhamba, kanye nesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa noma sokugadwa esizeni. Amaphaneli athunyelwa njengamakhonteyina noma i-breakbulk, ngakho uhlelo lokuthumela kufanele luqinisekiswe ngokumelene nechweba okuya kulo kanye nomzila wokuthutha wangaphakathi oya esizeni okungenzeka sibe amakhulu amakhilomitha ngaphakathi ezweni.
Ukamukelwa esizeni
Izigaba ezimbili zokwamukelwa zibalulekile. Isigaba sokwamukelwa kwemboni siphetha ngephakethe lamadokhumenti futhi, lapho kungenzeka khona, ngevidiyo noma ufakazi wangaphandle wokuhlolwa kwenhlansi kumaphaneli amelela. Isigaba sasesizeni siphetha ngokuhlanganiswa nokuhlolwa kokuvuza: amaphaneli ayahlunywana futhi ahlolwe umonakalo wokuthutha, ithangi lihlanganiswe indandatho ngendandatho ngegasket elishiwo kanye namabhawudi ezinga lika-8.8 afinyelele itorque eqoshiwe, umphetho waphansi wephanele ngayinye uyavikelwa, futhi ithangi eliqediwe lihlolwa ngengcindezi yomoya kanye namanzi ngaphambi kokuba lisetshenziswe. Noma yimuphi umhlangano ovuzayo uyalungiswa ngaleso sikhathi ngenkathi ukufinyelela kuselula.
Ukulethwa okubili okukhulu kubonisa kahle ifomethi. Ithangi lamanzi aphuzwayo elikhulu elingama-44,900 m³ lanikezwa eNamibia, kanti uhlelo lwethangi lamanzi omlilo olungama-8,930 m³, amayunithi amabili angu-φ19.87 × 14.4 m, lanikezwa eSichuan. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo ububanzi bafaka amaphaneli ane-enamel, isethi yamabhawudi namagaskethi, ukugadwa kwesiza, kanye nephakethe yemibhalo esetshenziselwa ukuqedwa kwemishini.
Icala Lomsebenzi
Umsebenzi | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Isitoreji samanzi aphuzwayo anobubanzi obukhulu | Namibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa, uhlelo lwe-enamel olunengqimba ezimbili |
Ithangi lamanzi omlilo, amayunithi amabili | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 8,930 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa, φ19.87 × 14.4 m × 2 |
Uhlelo lwamathangi okungcola kamasipala | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 17,420 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, amathangi ayi-10 |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela be-Enamel Ephakathi
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isikhathi eside kusukela ngo-2008 yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngezibophezelo. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile imisebenzi efakiwe engaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ekubuyekezweni kokuthenga lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lwesithando, ukwakhiwa kwe-enamel okugqamile okubili kanye nerekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark engu-1500 V ngepaneli ngayinye konke kubhaliwe komunye nomunye umthwalo, futhi ububanzi bokwamukelwa kwesiza buqinisekisiwe enkontilekeni ngaphambi kokuba amapaneli akhishwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1: Kusho ukuthini uhlelo lwe-enamel olugqamile olubili uma luqhathaniswa nolugqamile olulodwa?
A1: Ingubo yaphansi inamathela ensimbi elungisiwe futhi ingubo ephezulu yakha indawo yengilazi emelana namakhemikhali, zombili zishiswa ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C ukuze zihlangane nephethini njengomzimba owodwa. Ingubo eyodwa encane phezu kwensimbi ichayeka kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwezimbobo ezincane nezindawo ezincane.
Q2: Ingakanani ingqimba ye-enamel eqediwe?
A2: Ukwakheka kwe-enamel eshisiwe ngokuvamile kusuka ku-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm ngephane ngayinye, okuyinombolo okufanele uyifake esicacisweni sakho esikhundleni sobukhulu bogqinsi obujwayelekile.
Q3: Yini ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi futhi kungani i-1500 V ibalulekile?
A3: Ukuhlolwa kwe-1500 V DC okusetshenziswa kuphane ngayinye ngaphambi kokupakisha ukuthola izimbobo ezincane nezindawo ezincane engilazini eshisiwe. Irekhodi lephane ngayinye liyidokhumenti eyinhloko yokwamukelwa kwefekthri yokumboza.
Q4: Yiziphi izitifiketi eziza nethangi?
A4: Ukukhiqizwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, nokuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo okubandakanya i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, kanye nokuklanywa okubhekiselwe ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Q5: Yisiphi isikhathi esijwayelekile sokulinda?
A5: Kuncike kulayini wesithando kanye nenani lamaphaneli hhayi inani le-oda lodwa. Cela usuku lokubhuka isithando, uhlelo lokukhiqiza lwamaphaneli lwamasonto onke kanye nosuku lokuhamba komkhumbi ngokubhaliwe esigabeni sokuthenda.
Q6: Ithangi lithunyelwa kanjani endaweni yaphesheya kwezilwandle?
A6: Amaphaneli ahamba ngamakhonteyina noma njenge-breakbulk aye echwebeni lendawo, bese ehamba ngomhlaba aye endaweni. Qinisekisa umzila, imikhawulo yamabhuloho nemigwaqo, kanye namandla wekhrini endaweni ngaphambi kokunquma ububanzi.
Q7: Kwenzekani uma iphaneli ilimele ekuthuthweni?
A7: Kutholakala lapho kwehliswa kuqhathaniswa nohlu lokupakisha, kubekwe eceleni, bese kushintshwa noma kulungiswe ngaphansi kwenqubo ebhaliwe yokulungisa i-coating ngaphambi kokuba kuqhubeke ukuhlanganiswa.
Ukuthenga ithangi lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi ukuthenga inqubo yokukhiqiza ebhalisiwe. Uhlelo lwe-enamel lwamajazi amabili olushiswa ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ungqimba oluqediwe luka-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm, isilinganiso sika-3,450 N/cm², indawo engaphezulu engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-spark kuka-1500 V ngephaneli ngayinye kuyisisekelo sobuchwepheshe; uhlelo lwesithando somlilo, imibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinto kanye nerekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark kuwubufakazi. Lungisa lokho encazelweni, cela uhlelo lokukhiqiza ngesonto, futhi isikhathi sokulinda siyeke ukuba yisimangaliso. Thumela umthamo, uketshezi kanye nedatha yesayithi edeskini yethu yezentengiselwano futhi uzothola isiphakamiso sokukhetha kanye nephakethe eliphelele lamadokhumenti okuhlanganisa uhlelo lokumboza kanye nohlu lokwamukela.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela idatha yethangi ukuze ibuyekezwe: umthamo odingekayo kanye nemikhawulo yobubanzi, uketshezi olugciniwe kanye nebanga lalo le-pH kanye nezinga lokushisa, okuphuzwayo noma okungaphuzwa, izixhumanisi zendawo, isimo senhlabathi kanye nesisekelo, umthamo we-crane kanye nechweba lokungena elikhethwayo. Ithimba lethu lizobuyisela isincomo sohlelo lokumboza, inani lamaphaneli kanye nokulandelana kokukhiqiza, uhlu lwamadokhumenti asefekthri okuhlanganisa irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark, uhlelo lokuthumela kanye nenqubo yokwamukela endaweni. Ukubuyekezwa kobunjiniyela namadokhumenti kuqala, ukuthengisa kulandela kuphela uma uqhubeka.
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