Umkhiqizi Ohamba Phambili Wase-China Wama-DAF Effluent Tanks weProjekthi Yamanzi Angcolile Okulinywa Kwesalmon
Kwadalwa ngo 02.12
Umkhiqizi Ohamba Phambili waseShayina wamathangi e-DAF effluent weProjekthi yamanzi amdaka weSalmon Aquaculture
Ukulima isalmon kukhule ngokushesha kwaba imboni ebalulekile ehlinzeka nge-protein esezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni wonke. Kusukela emifudlaneni yaseNorway kuya ePacific Northwest yaseNyakatho Melika kanye nemifudlana yaseChile, amapulazi esalmon abhekana nezinselele ezimbili zokugcina impilo enhle yezinhlanzi nokunciphisa umthelela kwezemvelo. Phakathi kwezinselele lezi, ukuphathwa kwamanzi amdaka kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Amanzi amdaka asuka ekulinyelweni kwesalmon anothe ngento ephilayo, izakhamzimba, izinto ezingaphezulu, ukudla okungadliwe, kanye nemfucumfucu yezinto eziphilayo. Ukuphathwa okungalungile kungaholela ekuphelelwa umoya-mpilo, ukwanda kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini, izinhlawulo zomthetho, kanye nokungajabuli komphakathi. Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga, amathangi akhethekile e-DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) anendima enkulu yokuqoqa, ukubeka isikhashana, kanye nokwelapha amanzi amdaka ngaphambi kokucubungulwa noma ukukhishwa kwamanzi.
Njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili e-China wezixazululo zamanzi amdaka ezindaweni zokulima izinhlanzi, i-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) igxile kumathangi e-DAF enzelwe amapulazi esalmon emhlabeni wonke. Lawa mathangi ahlinzeka ngezixazululo zokugcina ezingathembekile, ezimelana nokugqwala, kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu okuhlanganiswa kalula nezinhlelo zokwelapha, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo.
1. Ukuqonda Ukungcola Kwamanzi Okusuka Ekulinyelweni Kwesalmon
1.1 Izici Zamanzi Okungcola Okusuka Ekulinyelweni Kwesalmon
Amanzi angcola asuka ekulinyelweni kwesalmon akhiqizwa ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokufuya inhlanzi, ukuhlanza, nokucubungula:
Amanzi aphuma ethangini namanzi okugeza amanetha
Ukugeza emuva okuvela kumabhilitha ebhayoloji nezihlungi zemishini
Ukuhlala kwezinto eziqinile nokudla okungadliwe
Amanzi amdaka okuvela ezindaweni zokugaya nasezindaweni zokucubungula
Ukugeza nokubulala amagciwane amanzi amdaka
Amanzi amdaka avame ukuchazwa ngokuthi:
Ukufunwa okuphezulu kwe-oxygen ye-biochemical (BOD) ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo
Ukufunwa okuphezulu kwe-oxygen ye-chemical (COD)
Amazinga aphezulu ezakhamzimba (i-ammonia, i-phosphorus)
Izindawo eziqinile kanye nezingqimba
Umthamo wokugeleza oguquguqukayo kuye ngezikhathi zokudla, imisebenzi yokucubungula, kanye nomkhiqizo wenyanga
Ngaphandle kokugcinwa nokwelashwa okufanele, lezi zici zingadala izinselele zokusebenza nezemvelo ezihlanganisa:
Ukuncipha kwe-oksijeni emanzini atholayo
Ukukhuphuka kwamandla ezakhi ezihola ekugcwala ngokweqile
Ukungathobeli imithetho kanye nezinhlawulo
Ukuhlola okungaba khona komphakathi kanye nezemvelo
1.2 Kungani Amathangi Okungcola kwe-DAF Ebucayi
Izitanki zamanzi angcolile ezi-DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) zisebenza njengesinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile ekuphathweni kwamanzi angcolile esalmon. Imisebenzi yazo eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
Ukuqoqa nokubhafa
Izitanki zamanzi angcolile ezi-DAF zigcina amanzi angcolile avela ezitankini zezinhlanzi, emakheji, nasezindaweni zokucubungula, zilinganisa ukuhamba okuhlukahlukene ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa Kwangaphambili
Izitanki zinikeza ukuhlala okuyinhloko kwezinto eziqinile, ukulinganisa umthwalo wezinto eziphilayo, nokuhlanganisa ikhwalithi yamanzi angcolile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kweyunithi ye-DAF.
Ukuhlanganiswa Nezinhlelo Zokwelashwa
Amathangi e-DAF aklanywe kahle axhumana kahle nezinsiza zokuhlanza umoya, izinhlelo zokwelapha eziphilayo, ukuhlunga, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhipha izakhamzimba.
Ukuqina Kokusebenza
Ngokubamba izikhukhula eziphezulu nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kokugeleza, amathangi asiza ukuvimbela ukulayishwa okukhulu ezinqubweni zokwelapha ezisezansi.
Ukuhambisana Nemvelo
Izinhlelo ezivalwe noma ezimboziwe zinciphisa iphunga, ukukhishwa kwegesi, kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo okungenzeka.
Ngamafuphi, amathangi e-DAF akhishwa abalulekile ukuze kube nokusebenza kahle, ukuphathwa kwemvelo, kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho emkhakheni wezokufuya i-salmon.
2. Mayelana ne-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel)
2.1 Isibuyekezo Senkampani
Yasungulwa ngo-2008, i-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (Center Enamel) ungumkhiqizi ochwepheshe okhethekile ezitsheni zokugcina ezihlanganisiwe. Le nkampani inikeza uhla olubanzi lwemikhiqizo eyenzelwe izidingo zokulima izinhlanzi nezinye izicelo zezimboni:
Izitsha Zensimbi Ehlanganiswe Nengilazi (GFS)
Amathangi e-Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE)
Amathangi Ensini Yokubandayo
Amathangi Ensini Ehlanganisiwe
Izindlu Zophahla Zensimbi Ye-Aluminum Geodesic
Izixazululo Zophahla Lwethangi Lokugcina
Ukusekelwa Kobuchwepheshe Kwe-EPC
Ngetimu yochwepheshe yokukhiqiza i-enamel kanye namalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200, i-Center Enamel isibe ngumholi embonini yamathangi ahlanganiswe ngezikulufu e-Asia.
Isisekelo sethu sokukhiqiza sihlanganisa indawo engaphezu kuka-150,000 m², sihlanganisa imigqa yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe, izinhlelo zokushisela ezizenzakalelayo, nezinqubo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi.
2.2 Amazinga Namalungelo Omhlaba Wonke
Ukuzibophezela kwe-Center Enamel ekuqiniseni kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amathangi ahlangabezana namazinga omhlaba wokusebenza nokuphepha:
I-ISO 9001 – Ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi
I-NSF/ANSI 61 – Ukuphepha kwamanzi okuphuzwayo
I-EN 1090 – Izindinganiso zensimbi yesakhiwo
I-ISO 28765 – Ukuklama nokwakhiwa kwezithangi
I-WRAS – Imithetho yamanzi yase-UK
I-FM – Izindinganiso zokuvikela umlilo
I-LFGB – Ukuphepha kokudla kwaseJalimane
I-BSCI – Isinyathelo sokuhambisana komphakathi kwezamabhizinisi
I-ISO 45001 – Impilo Yomsebenzi & Ukuphepha
I-FDA – Ukuphepha kokudla
I-CE – Ukuvumelana kwe-European
Izinhlelo zethu zobunjiniyela nokuklama zilandelwa ngokuqinile izindinganiso ze-AWWA D103-09, i-OSHA, i-NFPA, kanye nezindinganiso zezakhiwo ze-ISO, ziqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokwamukelwa kwamazwe omhlaba.
2.3 Ukufinyelela komhlaba wonke
Ngonyaka ka-2023, ama-tank e-Center Enamel aphumeleleka ezweni elingaphezu kwama-100, kuhlanganise:
USA, Canada, Australia, Chile, Norway, Scotland, Malaysia, Indonesia, Russia, UAE, Panama, Brazil, kanye neNingizimu Afrika.
Ikhwalithi yethu ephezulu ye-tank kanye nensizakalo esheshayo ithole ukuqashelwa nokwethembeka emhlabeni jikelele.
3. Izixazululo ze-DAF Effluent Tank ezakhiwe
Ama-tank e-DAF effluent e-salmon aquaculture adinga ukumelana nokugqwala, ukujula kwesakhiwo, kanye nokuguquguquka kokusebenza. I-Center Enamel iletha ama-tank akhiwe ukuze ahlangabezane nalezi zidingo.
3.1 Izixazululo Zokwakha
Ngokwesimo sezulu, usayizi we-tank, kanye nezici ze-wastewater, i-Center Enamel inikeza:
3.1.1 Ama-Tank e-Glass-Fused-to-Steel (GFS)
Ukumboza kwe-glass enamel okuhlanganiswe nensimbi kuhlinzeka ngokuqina kokumelana nokugqwala
I-interior ethambile inciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziqinile
Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi
Ikhwalithi enhle yokuphatha umthwalo omkhulu we-organic kanye ne-effluent enezinhlayiya
3.1.2 I-Tanks ye-Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE)
Ukufakwa kwe-polymer okusebenza kahle ku-steel
Kumelana nokuhlaselwa kwemichamo nezimo zokushisa
Kufaneleka ezindleleni ezinzima zokuphuma
3.1.3 I-Tanks ye-Stainless Steel
Izinketho ze-AISI 304 noma 316L
Ukuhlanzeka okuphakeme nokumelana nokugqwala
Ikhwalithi efanelekile yezindawo zokufuya izilwane zamanzi ezinezimfuneko eziqinile zokuhlanzeka kwamanzi
3.1.4 Amathangi Ahlanganisiwe
Imicibisholo ye-GFS ephansi yokumelana nokugqwala
Imicibisholo yensimbi engagqwali engaphezulu ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo zenhlanzeko nokwakheka
Isixazululo esonga imali esisebenza kahle kakhulu
3.2 Izinketho Zophahla & Zokumboza
Izitangi ze-DAF ze-Center Enamel zingahlonywa ngezinhlelo zophahla nezikhavu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza nokuvikelwa kwemvelo:
Uphahla oluhlanganiswe neglasi-kuya-ensimbi — olungangenisi umoya, olulawula iphunga
Uphahla lwe-FRP — olulula, oluvimbela ukugqwala
Uphahla lwe-Aluminum Dome (Izakhiwo Zesikhala Se-Geodesic) — eziqinile ngokwakhiwa, umklamo ocacile
Izindlu Zophahla Olulodwa Nezimbili — ukuhlanganiswa nokubanjwa kukagesi wobubilisi kanye nokubola okungenawo umoya
Izindlu Zophahla Zensimbi Engenasici — ukuvikelwa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu ekugqwaleni nasekucocekeni
Ukukhethwa kophahla kuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwephunga, ukuphathwa kokukhishwa, nokusebenza kwethangi esikhathini eside.
3.3 Umklamo Nokwakheka Okuzinzile
Amathangi okukhipha amanzi e-DAF enzelwe ukuphatha:
Izinsizakalo ze-Hydrostatic
Izinsizakalo eziguquguqukayo kanye nezindawo eziqinile
Izimo zokugeleza nokushisa eziguquguqukayo
Amandla e-seismic kanye nemvelo
Ukuhlanganiswa nezimpompi, imigudu, ukuhlinzeka ngomoya, kanye nezinsiza kusebenza kuphinde kuhlelwe kahle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza.
4. Izicelo ze-DAF Effluent Tanks ku-Salmon Aquaculture
4.1 Izinhlelo ze-Recirculating Aquaculture (RAS)
I-DAF tanks ihlinzeka ngendawo yokugcina eyinhloko nokulinganisa ngaphambi kokuhlanza nokuphinda kuhlangane. Izinzuzo zifaka phakathi:
Ukuhlanganiswa kwemfucumfucu
Ukukhipha okuqinile okulawulwayo
Ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kuzinhlelo zokwelapha
4.2 I-Net Pen kanye Nezinkampani Zamanzi Avulekile ze-Salmon
Amathangi e-DAF aqoqa amanzi emaphephandabeni entantayo futhi awasebenzise ngaphambi kokukhishwa noma ukusetshenziswa kabusha, avimbele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
4.3 Izindawo zokuzalela izinhlanzi kanye nokukhulisa amathole
Izitangi ze-Buffer ezindaweni zokuzalela izinhlanzi zivikela amathole ezinhlanzi ezibucayi ekushaqekeni ezinhlelweni zokwelapha futhi ziqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamanzi engaguquki.
4.4 Izimboni Zokucubungula Izinhlanzi
Amanzi angcolile avela ekusileni, ekuhlanzeni, nasekuphaketheni aqoqwa ezitangini ze-DAF ngaphambi kokwelashwa, okunciphisa umthelela emvelweni.
4.5 Izinhlelo Zokuhambisana Nemvelo
Izitangi ze-DAF effluent zibalulekile ku:
Ukuhlangabezana nemingcelelo yokuphuma yendawo
Ukusekela izinhlelo zokuqapha
Ukunciphisa iphunga nokukhishwa
6. Ukuqina kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo
Amathangi e-DAF effluent asekela ukulima isalmon okusimeme ngokuthi:
Ukuvumela ukugcinwa okulawulwayo nokulinganisa ngaphambi kokwelashwa
Ukunciphisa umthelela wokuphuma ngqo
Ukusekela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi ukuhlanza nokujikeleza
Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamaphunga kanye negesi
Ukwandisa impilo yesikhathi ngokusebenzisa izinto ezivimbela ukugqwala
Amathangi e-Center Enamel anikela ezinhlelweni zamanzi ezijikelezayo nasekuphathweni kwemvelo.
7. I-EPC kanye Nokwesekwa Kobuchwepheshe
I-Center Enamel inikeza ukwesekwa okuphelele kumaphrojekthi ethangi lokungcola kwe-DAF:
Ukubonisana & Izifundo Zokwenzeka – Linganisa ivolumu yamanzi angcola, izici, kanye nosayizi wethangi.
Ukuklama Ubunjiniyela – Ukuklama okuyisisekelo, okokugeleza kwamanzi, nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokwelashwa.
Ukukhiqiza & Izinto – Ukulethwa komhlaba wonke ngokupakisha, ukulandelela, nokusekelwa kokufakwa.
Isiqondiso Sokufakwa – Ukugadwa endaweni ukuze kuhlanganiswe nokuthunyelwa.
Insizakalo Ngemuva Kokuthengisa – Ukusekelwa kokugcinwa, izingxenye ezisele, nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izitanki zamanzi angcolile ezi-DAF zisebenza ngokuthembekile kuyo yonke impilo yazo.
8. Kungani Abathengi Bekhetha I-Center Enamel
Iminyaka eminingi Yezinto Zokwakha Amathangi anama-bolts kanye Nezinhlelo Zomhlaba
Ukuhambisana Nezindinganiso Zomhlaba – ISO, NSF, EN, FM, WRAS, AWWA, OSHA
Ukuguquguquka Kwezinto – GFS, FBE, insimbi engagqwali, kanye nezinhlelo ze-hybrid
Izixazululo Zophahla Nezikhwama – Zivikelekile emoyeni, ziqinile ekugqokeni, futhi ziqinile ngokwakhiwa
Ukulethwa Kwamaphrojekthi – Amazwe angaphezu kuka-100 anezitshalo eziphumelelayo zokulima izinhlanzi i-salmon
Ubuchwepheshe – I-EPC ephelele nokusekelwa ngemuva kokuthengisa
Ingqalasizinda Eyenzelwe Ukulima Izinhlanzi i-Salmon Amanzi Angcolile
Izitsha zamanzi angcolile ze-DAF zibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuzinzile, okuhambisana nemithetho, nokusebenza kahle kwezokulima izinhlanzi i-salmon. Ziyakwazi:
Ukubeka phansi ukuhamba okuguquguqukayo
Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokwelashwa
Ukunciphisa amaphunga nokukhishwa
Ukuthuthukisa ukuhambisana nemvelo
Ukusekela ukwethembeka kokusebenza
I-Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd (i-Center Enamel) iletha amathangi aphakeme kakhulu emanzini angcolile e-DAF anezinye izinto:
Izinto ezimelana nokugqwala (i-GFS, i-FBE, insimbi yokubandayo, i-hybrid)
Izixazululo zophahla nezivalo ezenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo
Ukuvumelana namalungelo omhlaba wonke namazinga
Umuzwa womhlaba wonke wephrojekthi
Ukusekelwa okuphelele kwe-EPC kanye nobuchwepheshe
Noma ngabe kungamasistimu okujikeleza amanzi ezilwane zasemanzini, izikhwama zenethi, izindawo zokubuthelwa, noma izindawo zokucubungula, i-Center Enamel ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngobunjiniyela ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke.
Hlanganyela ne-Center Enamel — Umkhiqizi ohamba phambili waseChina wezithangi ze-DAF zezindaba zamanzi ezivela ezilwaneni zasemanzini ezifana nesalmon.
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