Amathangi Okugcina Amanzi Angcolile e-GFS Ayenziwe Ngokunemba Ngensimbi Eboshiwe Yezimboni Zamanzi Angcolile
Kwadalwa ngo 03.03
Amathangi Okugcina Amanzi Angcolile e-Custom Gfs Aklanywe Ngokunemba Ngensimbi Eboshiwe Ye-Industrial Effluent
Amathangi okugcina amanzi angcolile e-GFS enziwe ngendlela yakho anikeza imifudlana yezimboni entshizwe ngamanzi isitsha sensimbi esingagqwali, esihlanganiswa ngamabhawudi, esingakhiwa ngezigaba ezindaweni ezinokufinyeleleka okungekuhle. Ungqimba lwe-enamel lunamathiselwa ensimbini yekhabhoni ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ubukhulu obungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm, luhlolwa nge-1500 V DC spark test iphaneli ngayinye, futhi lilinganiswa kusukela ku-pH 1 kuya ku-14. Amaphaneli angaba ngu-1.2 m ububanzi athunyelwa njengamakhonteyina noma nge-breakbulk futhi ahlanganiswa indandatho ngendandatho ngamabhawudi ezinga le-8.8 nama-EPDM gaskets, okunciphisa umsebenzi wasesizeni futhi kuvumele ithangi ukuthi landiswe kamuva. Isikhathi sokuphila esiklanyelwe yiminyaka engu-30 noma ngaphezulu ekusetshenzisweni komoya wasemkhathini.
I-efluent yezimboni ayivamisile ukuziphatha ngendlela umdwebo wenqubo okhombisa ngayo. Ithangi lokugcina kufanele lamukele umfudlana oshintsha amandla ngehora ngehora, uwugcine phakathi nomthwalo wokushaqeka, umelane neqoqo lokufakwa kwe-asidi kanye neqoqo lokuhlanza nge-caustic ngesonto elilodwa, futhi uhlale ungavuzi ngenkathi inhlabathi ezungezile ihla. Insimbi ye-carbon steel eweldediwe evamile idinga ukuphindwa ukumbozwa ngaphakathi njalo eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kuya kweyishumi, futhi izinto zokumboza ezipendiwe zihluleka kuqala emaphethelweni ama-flange. Amaqembu aqhathanisa amathangi okugcina e-efluent yezimboni ezenziwe nge-GFS ngokunemba kobunjiniyela be-bolted steel ngokuvamile azama ukususa lowo mthwalo wokunakekela ohlwini olubalulekile lwemboni. Impikiswano yobunjiniyela ye-glass-fused-to-steel kulo msebenzi icacile: umgoqo yingilazi, isakhiwo yinsimbi, futhi ziyinhlanganisela eyodwa hhayi ezimbili.
Kungani ungqimba lwe-enamel oluhlanganisiwe lubamba emanzini angcolile aluhlaza
Umngcele wokwehluleka kwethangi elinezingqimba zokunameka uyindawo yokuhlangana, futhi ukuncibilika kususa leyo ndawo yokuhlangana. I-enamel powder ishiselwa phezu kwensimbi phakathi kuka-820 no-930 °C, ngakho ingilazi incibilika ingene esisekelweni futhi ungqimba lwe-enamel lugcina lulugqinsi olungu-0.25 kuya ku-0.45 mm futhi lukalwa ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm². Ngenxa yokuthi akukho ngqimba lokunamathisela, indlela evamile yokugqwala engaphansi kwefilimu yokunameka kwemvelo ayikho. Okukhona njengendlela yokwehluleka ukuvezwa komphetho: umphetho osikiwe wephaneli uveza insimbi engenalutho endaweni yokuxhuma, futhi ukuqhekeka noma ukuxebuka kulo mphetho kuyisiqalo sokuconsa. Umkhuba omuhle ukuvikela umphetho ogayiwe, ukugwema ukushaya iphaneli ngesikhathi sokuyiphatha, nokugcina ukuma kwephaneli kuqhubeka ukuze umthungo ogayiwe ungaguquguquki isuka kumringi uya kumringi.
Kusevisi yamanzi angcolile, ububanzi bekhemistri yisona esinquma ukucaciswa. Imifudlana yezimboni ivamise ukusuka ku-pH 1 iye ku-pH 14 kuye ngokweqoqo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iyashintshana. I-enamel encibilikisiwe ihlanganisa lobo bubanzi, okuvumela umndeni owodwa wamathangi ukuthi uthathe ukuchichima kwesihlanzi esingathathi hlangothi kanye nomgudu wokukhishwa kokungathathi hlangothi okulungiswe nge-pH ngaphandle kwesistimu yesibili yokufaka. Lapho i-hydrogen sulfide ikhona, i-enamel ibekezelelwa kahle kulo lonke ububanzi be-pH, kodwa imishini yokuphatha igesi engezansi kusadingeka ukuvikelwa kokususa isulfure.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuboshiwe ezindaweni ezikhawulelwe nezihlukaniswe ngezigaba
Ithangi eliboshwe ngamabhawudi liyisisombululo sezokuthutha kanye nesisombululo sokugqwala. Amaphaneli enziwa efektrihi ngobubanzi obucishe bube ngu-1.2 m, acindezelwe, asikwe, afakwe i-enamel, ahlolwe nge-spark futhi abhalwe izinombolo, bese ethunyelwa ngamakhontena noma ngokungahlanganisiwe. Esizeni ithimba lihlanganisa izindandatho ngamabhawudi ezinga lika-8.8 kanye namajoyinti e-flange ane-EPDM gasket. Esizeni esikude sezimboni, epaki entsha yamakhemikhali, noma embonini enwetshiwayo ngenkathi isasebenza, lokhu kushintsha lonke uhlelo lokwakha: udinga ukhreyni omncane, ithimba elincane, indlela ebucayi emfushane, futhi ungangeza indandatho noma ithangi lesibili kamuva ngaphandle kwemvume yomsebenzi oshisayo.
Izinto ezimbili okufanele zilawulwe esizeni yisihlalo se-gasket kanye nesisekelo. Amanani e-torque yebhawudi abekwa ngumklamo wokuhlanganisa futhi aqoshwa, futhi umehluko wokuhlala phansi kulo lonke u-ring beam kufanele ugcinwe ngaphakathi kwenani elivunyelwe umklamo wesisekelo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuhlanganisa okuboshiwe kungase kulayishwe ekugobeni i-gasket engakwazi ukulandela. I-ring beam noma isisekelo sikakhonkolo esilula esinama-anchor bolts yilokho okujwayelekile.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-GFS, i-epoxy ne-galvanized
Ukukhethwa kwe-coating kuncike ekhemistri, izinga lokushisa, kanye nesimo sokulawulwa koketshezi olugciniwe. I-Glass-fused-to-steel iyindlela ezisetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo emanzini angcolile ane-pH eguquguqukayo kakhulu, emifudlaneni ethwala izinto ezinganyakazi ezidinga indawo ehlanzekayo, kanye nanoma yiliphi ithangi lapho ukukhishwa kwe-ion yensimbi kungabaluleka khona. I-Fusion bonded epoxy, efakwa njenge-electrostatic powder ku-180 kuya ku-280 µm futhi ehlangabezana ne-AWWA C550, iyindlela elungile eyenye yezindawo ezinkulu ze-membrane kanye nezindawo ezifuna umugqa owodwa we-coating womabili ithangi namapayipi. I-Hot dip galvanizing ngokwe-GB/T 13912-2020 iyonga emanzini ahlanzekile noma ekugcineni okomile futhi igwenywa ku-asidi enamandla, i-alkali enamandla, i-chloride ephezulu, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuthintana nokudla noma amanzi okuphuza. I-Welded stainless igcinelwe izimo ze-chloride ephezulu, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, noma ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu lapho izindleko eziphindwe kaningi zifanelekile.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Izinga lokushisa lokubhaka i-enamel | 820–930 °C | Ingilazi ehlanganiswe kuphaneli yensimbi yekhabhoni |
Ubukhulu bongqimba lwe-enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm | Ngemuva kwephaneli ngayinye ngemuva kokushiswa |
Amandla ongqimba lwe-enamel | ngaphezu kuka-3,450 N/cm² | Ukumelana nokugoba nokucindezela |
Ukuhlolwa kwenhlansi | 1500 V DC | Ukuhlolwa kwasefekthri kuphanele ngayinye |
Ukuqhubeka kobuso | Ra < 0.8 µm | Amanzi ahlanzekile, ukunqwabelana kwemfucumfucu okuphansi |
Ukubekezelela i-pH | 1–14 | Ukushintshashintsha okubanzi nemifudlana ehlukahlukene ye-asidi/alkali |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | Iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu | Ukugcinwa kwamanzi angcolile emkhathini |
Ububanzi bephaneli / ibhawudi | ~1.2 m iphaneli, amabhawudi ezinga 8.8 | Ukuhlanganiswa okuboshiwe, i-EPDM gasket flange |
Umthamo wethangi elilodwa | kufika ku-60,000 m³ | Kuncike kububanzi, kuncike kuphrojekthi ethile |
Lapho leli thangi lihlala khona emgqeni wokuhlanza amanzi angcolile
Ithangi lokugcina ngokuvamile lenza imisebenzi emithathu ngesikhathi esisodwa: ukulinganisa, ukumelana nokugcwala, kanye nesikhashana sokuhambisana nemithetho. Umthamo wokulinganisa uvela ekulinganisweni kwesisindo sokukhishwa kweshabhu uma kuqhathaniswa nokugeleza okuklanyelwe kwendawo yokuhlanza amanzi, umthamo wokumelana nokugcwala uhlanganisa ukushintshwa kwepompo kanye nomthwalo oshisayo, kanti umthamo wesikhashana uhlanganisa isikhathi sokuhlaziya kanye nanoma yimuphi umkhawulo wemvume okufanele uwugcine phakathi kwamasampuli. Isikhathi sokugcina esisuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya osukwini olugcwele sivamile, futhi kuleso sikhathi sokugcina indle futhi izinto ezigxilile ziyabaluleka, ngakho-ke cacisa ukuma kwangaphansi okungakhishwa, ukuhlelwa kokungena okungagudluzi ungqimba olugxilile, kanye nomgwaqo wokungena wokuhlola nokukhipha udaka.
Ezingxenyeni zemboni ezihlukaniselwe izindawo, umkhumbi ofanayo uvame ukuphindwa. Amathangi okungcola ezimboni angamashumi amabili nesikhombisa alethwa ngohlelo lwezigaba eXinjiang esamba esingu-30,469 m³, futhi amathangi okungcola kamasipala ayishumi esamba esingu-17,420 m³ anikezwa eSichuan. Indlela yokuphinda ithangi isabalalisa imisebenzi yokwakha, ivumela iyunithi ngayinye ukuthi ixhumeke njengoba indawo yayo iqashwa, futhi igcina isitshalo esisebenzayo siqhubeka ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Icala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Uhlelo lwamathangi okungcola ezimboni, amayunithi angama-27 | Xinjiang, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 30,469 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugada, ukufakwa ngezigaba |
Uhlelo lwamathangi e-municipal effluent, amayunithi angu-10 | Sichuan, China | Ithangi le-GFS | 17,420 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, indawo enamathangi amaningi |
Ithangi elikhulu lezinsalela zamakhemikhali elinobubanzi obukhulu | I-Zhejiang, eShayina | Ithangi le-GFS | 11,613 m³ | ukuhlinzeka + ukugadwa, φ24.45 × 19.8 m |
Ithangi le-landfill leachate, iyunithi ephindwe kabili | I-Beijing, eShayina | Ithangi lensimbi elishiselwe | 9,682 m³ | ukuhlinzeka, φ16.23 × 23.4 m × 2 |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela le-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isikhathi eside kusukela ngo-2008 yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina izinto aboshwe ngezibophezelo. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile imisebenzi efakiwe engaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi ukwakhiwa kubhekiselwa ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Ekugcinweni kwezinsalela zezimboni lokhu kusho ukuthi i-coating ihambisana ne-pH yangempela kanye nobubanzi bokushisa komfula wakho, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwenhlansi yephaneli liza nokuthunyelwa, futhi ifomethi eboshiwe ivumela ipaki elenziwa ngezigaba ukuthi likhomisene ithangi elilodwa ngesikhathi ngaphandle kokwakha kabusha isisekelo segobolondo elishiselwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1: Ingabe ithangi lensimbi elihlanganiswe nengilazi lingakwazi ukumelana namanzi angcolile ashintshashintshayo ane-asidi ne-caustic?
A1: Yebo. Uqwembe luyingilazi eqhubekayo ebekezelela i-pH 1 kuya ku-14, ngakho-ke amaqoqo ashintshashintshayo awonakalisi umgogodla. Qinisekisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomfudlana ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba ukukhethwa komgogodla kuncike futhi kukho.
Q2: Ngikhetha kanjani phakathi kwe-GFS ne-fusion bonded epoxy yamanzi angcolile?
A2: Uma ukushintshashintsha kwe-pH kukhulu futhi indawo kufanele ihlale ihlanzekile, insimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi ngokuvamile iyisinqumo esiphephile. Uma isayithi isivele inolayini wokumboza nge-epoxy futhi uketshezi lungaphakathi kwewindi le-epoxy, i-FBE ku-180 kuya ku-280 µm ku-AWWA C550 iyindlela ehlukile enengqondo. Thumela ikhemistri futhi zombili zinquma ngokushesha.
Q3: Ingabe ithangi eliboshiwe lifanele isayithi yezimboni ekude?
A3: Ivamise ukunqoba lapho. Amaphaneli athunyelwa ngamakhontena noma ngama-breakbulk, ukuhlanganisa akudingi ukushisela insimbi endaweni yesikhumba, futhi isibalo sabasebenzi sincane. Usadinga i-crane yokuphakamisa amaringi kanye nesisekelo se-ring beam esibekwe ezingeni elifanele.
Q4: Yisiphi isikhathi sokuhlola osincomayo?
A4: Ukuhamba ngeso lokuhlola i-enamel ngesikhathi sokuvalwa komsebenzi ngakunye, ukuhlola i-torque yamabhawudi ne-gasket ekugcwaliseni kokuqala bese kuba minyaka yonke, kanye nokuhlola isimo somphetho wephanele laphansi ngemuva kwanoma yisiphi isigameko ebesingase sithinte isikhumba.
Q5: Ingabe ithangi lingandiswa kamuva?
A5: Yebo. Amathangi aboshiwe angathatha amaringi engeziwe, amaphaneli engeziwe, noma ithangi lesibili eliseduze, yingakho evamile ezindaweni zezimboni ezikhuliswa ngezigaba.
Q6: Ingabe i-enamel imelana ne-hydrogen sulfide emanzini angcolile?
A6: I-enamel ibekezelela i-H2S kulo lonke uhla lwe-pH yolwelwesi. Ukususwa kwesulfure kusafanele kwenzelwe uhlangothi lokuphatha igesi ukuze kuvikelwe imishini engaphansi efana nama-boiler nama-burner.
Q7: Yimaphi amadokhumenti ahamba nokuthunyelwa?
A7: Imibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinto, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwenhlansi ngepaneli ngayinye, imibhalo yokuhlolwa kokumboza, isitifiketi se-gasket namabhawodi, imidwebo yobukhulu, imithwalo yesisekelo, kanye nenqubo yokuhlanganisa nokuqinisa nge-torque.
Amathangi okugcina amanzi angcolile e-GFS enzelwe imfucuza yezimboni axazulula izinkinga ezimbili ezivame ukwenza amathangi emfucuza angahambi ngendlela efanele: ukugqwala kwangaphakathi kanye nokuhlelwa kwezokuthutha. I-enamel ehlanganisiwe isusa indlela yokwehluleka kwe-coating engaphansi futhi ihlanganisa ibanga le-pH elikhiqizwa ngamaqembu ezimboni, kuyilapho ifomethi yephaneli eboshiwe igcina umsebenzi wendawo ulula ezindaweni lapho ithangi elikhulu elishiswe ngomshini lingadinga i-crane window kanye nemvume yomsebenzi oshisayo. Izinqumo okufanele zenziwe ziqale zibe yizinga lamakhemikhali, umthamo wokulinganisa ovela ku-mass balance, kanye nokuhla kwesisekelo. Uma iphrojekthi yakho iwuhlelo lwamathangi olwenziwa ngezigaba noma iyunithi eyodwa enkulu yokugcina, thumela ukuhamba kanye nomfula wesimo esibi kakhulu edeskini yethu yobunjiniyela futhi isiphakamiso sokukhetha kanye nephakethe lamadokhumenti kuzolandela ngobubanzi, ubude, inketho ye-coating kanye nohlelo lokuhlola.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Thumela idatha ye-effluent: isilinganiso kanye nokugeleza okuphezulu, ububanzi be-pH, izinga lokushisa, izinto ezinganyakazi, i-sulfide kanye ne-chloride content, kanye nesikhathi sokugcina osidingayo. Futhi nikeza izixhumanisi zendawo, isimo somhlabathi, ukutholakala kwe-crane kanye nechweba lokuthumela olikhethayo. Onjiniyela bethu bazobuyisela ububanzi nokuphakama kwethangi, isincomo sokumboza phakathi kwe-glass-fused-to-steel, i-fusion bonded epoxy kanye ne-galvanized steel, ukuhlelwa kwe-nozzle ne-manifold, izibalo zomthwalo wesisekelo, kanye nephakethe eliphelele ledokhumenti yethenda. Ukubuyekezwa kobunjiniyela kuqala, akunasinyathelo sokuthengisa.
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