Umenzi wezindunduma zokugcina amanzi amdaka ensimbi engagqwali yaseChina
Kwadalwa ngo 01.26
Umkhiqizi waseChina Wamathangi Okugcina Amanzi Angcolile Ensimbini Engagqwali
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) yakha amathangi okugcina amanzi angcolile ensimbi engagqwali ku-304 kanye no-316L okwenzelwe ukulinganisa, ukunciphisa kanye nokusebenza kwesikhashana, kanye namathangi ensimbi ehlanganiswe nengilazi lapho udonga olungasebenzi lwanele. I-316L icaciswa kwi-chloride, sulfide kanye ne-pH ephansi; i-304 yamanzi angcolile avamile. Amathangi okugcina ayimikhumbi yomoya noma yengcindezi ephansi ye-gauge. Okunquma impilo yokusebenza yizimo ezedlulele zomfula, ukuhlelwa kokuxuba noma kokuhlunga, kanye nekhava nokuphathwa kwegesi, konke lokhu okufanele kube kuhlelo lwangempela hhayi ekuguqulweni kwakamuva.
Ithangi lokugcina amanzi angcolile liyisivikelo esivumela isitshalo sokuhlanza ukuthi siqhubeke sisebenza lapho indawo yokukhiqiza ingasebenzi. Lamukela noma yini ekhishwa inqubo, liyigcine isikhathi esanele ukuze i-pH ibe sezingeni futhi izinto eziqinile zihlale phansi kancane, bese likhipha into engamukeleka esigabeni sezinto eziphilayo esilandelayo. Ngenxa yokuthi libona zonke izinguquko esitshalweni, libona futhi zonke izimo zokugqwala isitshalo esingazikhiqiza, yingakho ithangi elichazwe lisuselwa kusampula elijwayelekile lihluleka kanti ithangi elichazwe lisuselwa ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu liyasinda. Umbuzo wokuqala womkhiqizi kufanele ube mayelana nezinga eliphakeme kakhulu.
Ukucacisa kusukela emikhawulweni yomsinga
Isampula elimaphakathi nje ngeke livikele ithangi. Thatha ububanzi be-pH kufaka phakathi izimo ezedlulele zokushintsha, i-chloride evela ku-brine yenqubo, i-coastal make-up noma usawoti wokunciphisa, noma iyiphi i-sulfide evela kuma-sulfate noma ukubola kwamaprotheni, kanye nobubanzi bezinga lokushisa kufaka phakathi i-hot flush. Lezo zindinganiso zinquma i-alloy: i-304 iphatha amanzi angcolile avamile; i-316L iphethe i-molybdenum ye-chloride ne-sulfide, okuyizinto ezimbili ezibangela ukwehluleka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi emisebenzini yokugcina yezimboni. Lapho i-chemistry inolaka kodwa udonga lwensimbi lungadingeki, ithangi le-glass-fused-to-steel eline-enamel elihlangene linokungasebenzi ku-pH 1 kuya ku-14 futhi ngokuvamile liyimpendulo engabizi kakhulu. Lapho ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu noma ukuhlukaniswa kwenhlanzeko kusebenza khona, i-alloy ayinakugwenywa.
Okufanele kwenziwe yithangi lokugcina
Ukulinganisa, ukunciphisa amandla e-asidi ne-alkali kanye ne-buffer yimisebenzi emithathu ehlukene enezindawo ezintathu ezihlukene zokusebenza. Ithangi lokulinganisa lidinga isikhathi sokuhlala futhi ngokuvamile ukuxutshwa, ukuze izinto eziqinile zihlale zilenga futhi okuphumayo kumele okwesampula kunokuba kube yinoma yiluphi ungqimba oluhlala ebangeni lokukhipha. Ithangi lokunciphisa amandla e-asidi ne-alkali lidinga ukujova nokulawulwa kwe-pH ngodonga olumelana nakho kokubili i-asidi ne-alkali emjikelezweni. I-buffer eqondile idinga kuphela umthamo. Ngakunye kwalokhu kusho ukwakheka kwe-nozzle nangaphakathi, futhi lokho kudwetshwa ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo lwamapuleti lugcinwe. Ukufaka i-mixer ethangini elisiqediwe kusho ukusika iphaneli elinekhodi endaweni kanye nokubuyisela ikhodi, okuyiholide nengcuphe yokuvuza kunokuba kube ukuguqulwa.
Izindlela zokwehluleka okufanele ziklanywe zisuswe
Amathangi okugcina amanzi ehluleka emgqeni wamanzi, endaweni yokuphuma nangaphansi kwezinsalela. Umugqa wamanzi yilapho ukuhwamuka kugxilisa i-chloride nalapho ukushintshashintsha kokumanzi nokomile kunciphisa udonga, futhi imvamisa iwukuphela komugqa wethangi ohluke ngokubonakalayo kwezinye lapho lihlolwa. Indawo yokuphuma yamanzi kanye nokuxhumana kwama-nozzle yilapho ukuqala khona ukugqwala kwama-pitting kanye ne-crevice corrosion, ikakhulukazi lapho umsipha we-weld ushiywe ungagundiwe futhi umgodi ugcina uketshezi lukhona emetali. Ngaphansi koketshezi, izinto eziqinile ezihlala phansi zigcina ifilimu emanzi phansi nasodongeni olungaphansi, okusheshisa kokubili ukugqwala nephunga. Lapho ithangi limboziwe, i-gasket esihlanganisweni sekhava kanye ne-vent yizona zinto ezilandelayo ezigugayo. Ohlelweni lwe-enamel, izindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zomndeni ziyasebenza — ukuhlukaniswa ekhoneni lokuhlangana kwe-fusion kusuka egobolondweni eliphogelelwe ukuba lingabi yindilinga, kanye nokwakheka kwezimbobo ezincane ezivela ekushayweni — okuyisizathu esenza ukuba ubukhulu begobolondo kanye nekhwalithi yesisekelo kube izinto ezibalulekile emgomeni.
Incazelo Yezobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Impahla yogobolondo | 304 / 316L stainless | 316L ye-chloride, sulfide kanye ne-pH ephansi |
Ukuqedwa kwendawo | 2B / pickled | Kukhethwa ngesidingo sokuhlanza |
Ukwakhiwa | Amaphaneli ashushiselwe noma aboshiwe | Ukuboshwa kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi nokwandiswa |
Ukujiya kwephaneli lodonga | 3–12 mm ngokwakhiwa | Kuhlelwe ngokobude |
Ukuhlolwa ngemuva kokushushiswa | RT / PT njengoba kuvunyelwene | Ekwenziweni okushushiselwe |
Ikilasi lengcindezi | Umoya womkhathi / igeji ephansi | Akusona umngcele wengcindezi |
Ukubopha ngamabhawudi | Amabhawudi ezinga 8.8 | Endleleni eboshiwe |
I-gasket | Kulinganiswa ngokuhamba kwendle kanye nomjikelezo wokuhlanza | Cacisa njengento ehlukile emgqeni |
Isembozo | Idome ye-Aluminium AWWA D108 / API 650 | Ama-membrane amabili ngaphakathi ±3–5 kPa lapho kuqoqwa khona igesi |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | Inkonzo yokubamba evamile |
Isembozo, igesi kanye nombuzo wephunga
Ithangi lokugcina elimboziwe liyiphrojekthi yokuphathwa komoya. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi angcolile kudala iphunga, futhi lapho kudingeka khona ukuqoqwa kwegesi isembozo kufanele kube uhlelo lwengcindezi ephansi esitsheni esisemkhathini — isembozo esinamambrane amabili esisebenza ngaphakathi kwe-±3 kuya ku-5 kPa ene-valve yokukhipha ingcindezi ne-flame arrestor, noma idome eliqinile le-aluminium elinegobolondo elihambisana ne-API 650 nomoya neqhwa okuvela ku-ADM 2015 ne-ASCE 7-10. Umzila wegesi, isihlanzi noma i-flare, kanye nengcindezi ebekiwe yokukhipha kufanele kubuyekezwe kanye nohlobo lwesembozo hhayi ngemuva kwalo. I-vent enosayizi okungathi ithangi livaliwe iyiphutha elijwayelekile, futhi liveza njenge-gasket eqhumukile hhayi njengesigameko sokuphepha.
Ukukala kanye nemibhalo ekhipha i-oda
Qala ekuguquguqukeni kokugeleza, bese unquma ukuthi yini edinga ukubhalwa phansi. Umthamo wokugcina uvela ekukhiqizeni kwephezulu ngehora kususa umthamo wokugeleza ophansi, kuphindwe ngezikhathi amabhafa okufanele awuhlanganise; bese uhlola isikhathi sokuhlala ngokuqhathanisa nalokho isigaba esiphansi esingakwamukela. Kusukela kulelo volumu, xazulula ububanzi nokuphakama ngokuqhathanisa ne-pad kanye namandla epompo, ukhumbule ukuthi ithangi elide likhuphula ikhanda kodwa futhi likhuphula indawo yomoya kanye nomthwalo wesisekelo. Ngasohlangothini lwemibhalo, umhloli uzofuna isitifiketi sesigayo esinokulandelelwa kokushisa, umbiko wokuqedwa kwendawo, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kokushisela, kanye nencazelo ye-gasket; endleleni ye-enamel, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC ngepuleti ngalinye kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-enamel. Cela lolo hlu esicelweni ukuze luhamba namadrowings esikhundleni sokufika ezinyangeni eziningi kamuva.
Icala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lokugcina amanzi angcolile ezindwangu | Tunisia | Ithangi lensimbi engagqwali | 846 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwe-stainless kwesevisi yamanzi angcolile |
Ithangi lokugcina amanzi angcolile kamasipala | Czech Republic | Ithangi lensimbi engagqwali | 647 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwensimbi engagqwali yokusebenza kwamanzi angcolile |
Ithangi lokusebenza kwamanzi | Malaysia | Ithangi lensimbi engagqwali | 815 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwensimbi engagqwali yokusebenza kwamanzi |
Amathangi amanzi angcolile ezimbonini | Xinjiang, China | Amathangi e-GFS | 30,469 m³ kumasethi angama-27 | Ukulethwa kwezimboni ngamathangi amaningi |
Amathangi amanzi angcolile kamasipala | Sichuan, China | Amathangi e-GFS | 17,420 m³ kumasethi angama-10 | Uhlelo lomasipala lwamathangi amaningi |
Ikhono Lobunjiniyela Lokufaka I-Enamel Esikhungweni
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isikhathi eside kusukela ngo-2008 yakha futhi yaklama amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngezibophezelo. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile imisebenzi efakiwe engaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Okokugcina amanzi angcolile kanye nokusebenza kokulinganisa lokhu kuhlanganisa amathangi e-304 ne-316L angenasici kanye namathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel ane-enamel ehlanganisiwe, kanti impikiswano yengxubevange ithathwa ezimweni ezedlule kanye nokuxuba, isembozo kanye nomkhakha wokuphatha igesi ohlinzekwa umkhiqizi wamathangi okugcina amanzi angcolile angenasici wase-China.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Kunini lapho i-stainless steel ithethelelwa khona ekugcineni amanzi angcolile?
Impendulo 1: Lapho kukhona i-chloride noma i-sulfide, lapho i-pH ihamba ngaphandle kwebanga elibhandelwa udonga olumboziwe, noma lapho izinga lokuhlanzeka noma inhlanzeko lidinga lokho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ithangi le-enamel ehlanganisiwe, elingasebenzi ku-pH 1 kuya ku-14, ngokuvamile liyimpendulo yezindleko ephansi yevolumu efanayo yokugcina.
Umbuzo 2: Ngikhetha kanjani i-304 uma iqhathaniswa ne-316L?
Impendulo 2: Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni emazingeni ayo aphezulu, hhayi esilinganisweni sayo. I-chloride evela ku-brine yenqubo noma emanzini asogwini kanye ne-sulfide evela kuma-sulfate kuholela ku-316L. Emanzini angcolile asemazingeni kamasipala angenawo i-chloride, i-304 isebenza ngokugcwele.
Umbuzo 3: Ingabe ithangi lokubamba lidinga ukuxutshwa?
Impendulo 3: Uma kufanele ilinganise amandla hhayi ukugeleza kuphela, yebo. Ngaphandle kokuxutshwa, indawo yokuphuma idonsa ungqimba oluhlukene, ngakho isigaba sebhayoloji esilandelayo sibona noma yikuphi ukujula okukuyo indawo yokudonsa. Isivimbelo sokugeleza esiqondile asidingi ukuxutshwa.
Q4: Ingabe ithangi liyisitsha sokucindezela?
A4: Cha. Amathangi okugcina ayimishini yomoya noma yengcindezi ephansi yokukala. Lapho igesi iqoqwa khona, isembozo siyisistimu yengcindezi ephansi egcinwa ngaphakathi kwamakhilopaskali ambalwa ngevalvu yokukhulula kanye nesivimbeli somlilo, futhi ithangi lihlala lingenangcindezi.
Q5: Iyini indlela evamile yokwehluleka?
A5: Ukugqwala okugxile ekuhlanganyeleni komoya namanzi, ukugqwalala endaweni yokuphuma kanye nasezindaweni zokushintsha kwama-nozzle lapho i-crevice geometry ibamba khona uketshezi, kanye nokuhlaselwa ngaphansi kwediphozithi phansi. Zonke lezi zinto ziyizinto zokucaciswa, hhayi izingozi.
Q6: Ingabe i-mixer noma isembozo kungengezwa kamuva?
A6: Hhayi ngokuhlanzekile. Amaphaneli aboshiwe alungiselelwa efektri azungeze izindawo zawo zokungena, ngakho ukwengeza i-agitator noma isifakelo senqubo kamuva kusho ukusika ipuleti elihlanganisiwe endaweni kanye nokubuyisela ukuhlanganisa. Isembozo kanye nokukhipha umoya kufanele kube se-odini yokuqala.
Umbuzo 7: Yimaphi amadokhumenti ahamba nethangi?
Impendulo 7: Okwe-stainless, isitifiketi sesigayo esine-heat number traceability, umbiko wokuqedwa kwendawo, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kokushisela kanye nokucaciswa kwe-gasket. Endleleni ye-enamel, irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC ngepuleti ngalinye, imiphumela yobukhulu be-enamel nokunamathela, kanye nombiko we-roughness.
Amathangi okugcina amanzi angcolile acaciswa kusukela ngehora lawo elibi kakhulu, hhayi isilinganiso sawo: i-chloride ne-sulfide zikhetha i-alloy, kanti amazinga aphakeme e-pH kanye nebanga lokushisa zikhetha umndeni we-coating. Ukuxuba, ukwakheka kokuphuma, kanye nesembozo nokuphathwa kwegesi kunquma ukuthi ithangi liyagcina noma liba yinkinga yokulungisa. Faka amazinga aphakeme, isikhathi sokuhlala kanye nesidingo sesembozo ku-oda yokuqala, bese ucela ifayela lokuhlola elinamadrowings. Yilokho okuguqula ithangi lokugcina libe yibhafa ongayethemba.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumelele ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi angcolile anezilinganiso eziphakeme ze-pH, amanani e-chloride ne-sulfide, umthwalo ophakeme wehora kanye nokubekezelela kwangaphansi, ukuthi ingabe ukuxuba noma ukulinganisa kuyadingeka, ukuthi ingabe ikhava noma ukuqoqwa kwegesi kusemkhakheni, kanye nokuthi ingabe ithangi lingandiswa kamuva. Sizobuyisela isincomo se-alloy kanye nezizathu, ukuqhathaniswa kwe-coated ne-alloy, ukubuyekezwa kokuxuba nekhava, kanye nesethi yemibhalo. Ubunjiniyela kuqala, akunasibopho, futhi akukho kufona kokuthengisa kuze kube kuqedwa ukucaciswa.
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