Umenzi Wethangi Likawoyela We-Soybean Wensimbi Engagqwali Yase-China
Kwadalwa ngo 01.29
Umkhiqizi Wethangi Lamafutha Esoybean Lensimbi Engagqwali yaseChina
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) yakha amathangi kawoyela wesoya ensimbi engagqwali ku-304 kanye no-316L okugcina nokubamba uwoyela odliwayo, kanye namathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel lapho umsebenzi uvumela khona udonga olungelona olwensimbi. I-304 ngokuvamile yanele kuwoyela wesoya ocwengisisiwe; i-316L icaciswa lapho uwoyela uqukethe i-chloride, lapho kukhona uwoyela one-asidi noma i-soapstock, noma lapho indawo esogwini ifaka umoya wosawoti ogobolondweni. Izimpikiswano zokuthintana nomkhiqizo ukuhambisana ne-FDA ne-LFGB, ukuphela okubushelelezi, iphansi elikhipha konke ukuze kugcinwe amanzi angaphandle kwendawo yokuthintana, kanye nemibhalo evulwa kuqala ukuhlolwa kukawoyela odliwayo.
Ukugcinwa kwamafutha kabhontshisi kubonakala kulula kodwa akunjalo. Uketshezi luyimkhiqizo odliwayo, ngakho indawo ethintana nawo inesibopho sokuhambisana nemithetho, futhi iyilipidi egcina amanzi ancibilikile futhi ibanda noma ifuphala ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa kwendawo, ngakho ithangi liphethe umbuzo wokushisa kanye nowenhlanzeko eceleni kowokugqwala. Uwoyela kabhontshisi ocolisisiwe awunobudlova obukhulu kunowoyela ongahluziwe, kodwa isitshalo esiwugcinayo siphinde sibe namafutha ane-asidi, i-soapstock namanzi okugeza endaweni ethile emgqeni ofanayo, futhi incazelo ebhalelwe umgudu omuhle kuphela yiyo ehlulekayo. Lesi yisicelo lapho umbuzo wengxubevange kanye nombuzo wokuthintana nokudla kuwumbuzo owodwa. Umthengisi ophendula kokubili ngasikhathi sinye umkhiqizi wethangi likawoyela kabhontshisi lensimbi engagqwali yaseShayina ophethe amafayela okuthintana nomkhiqizo e-FDA ne-LFGB endaweni ethintanayo, hhayi kuphela isitifiketi sesigayo sengxubevange.
Ukuhambisana nokuthintana nomkhiqizo
Ithangi lamafutha adliwayo liyisitsha esithinta ukudla kuqala futhi liyisitsha sokugcina okwesibili. Ingaphezulu elithintayo kufanele libe yinto ehambisana nemithetho engangenisi lutho emkhiqizweni, okusho ukuthi ensimbi engagqwali i-alloy kanye nokuqedwa kwayo kucacisiwe futhi kubhalisiwe, futhi odongeni olungelona insimbi kusho indawo ye-enamel ehlanganisiwe engasebenzi futhi ebushelelezi. I-FDA ne-LFGB yizinhlelo ezivame ukukhulunywa ngazo; lapho umfudlana ofanayo noma i-gasket efanayo ithinta insiza eseduze namanzi okuphuza, i-NSF/ANSI 61 noma i-WRAS nayo ingase ibalwe. Ukuqedwa kubalulekile ngesizathu esihlukile: amafutha anamathela endaweni emaholo kakhulu kunamanzi, ngakho udonga olubushelelezi, oludlulisiwe yilona oluvumela ithangi ukuba lichithwe futhi lihlanjululwe phakathi kwezigaba ngaphandle kokuhlanza nge-solvent. Leso simangalo sokuqedwa kufanele kube ukukhuhleka okulinganisiwe, hhayi isiphawulo nje.
Ukugqwala: ingaphansi kwamanzi, hhayi amafutha
Amathangi kawoyela weshobho ayagqwala ngenxa yalokho okuhlezi ngaphansi kukawoyela. Uwoyela weshobho ocolisisiwe awunankinga ne-stainless. Okungenankinga yi-amanzi asezansi kwithangi, kungaba avela kumswakama oncibilikile kuwoyela, avela kumjikelezo wokugeza, noma avela ekuvuzeni kwekhoyili yokupholisa noma yokushisa, futhi lawo manzi aqukethe ama-chloride nama-asidi agqobhoza phansi kanye nesigaba esingezansi. Umthombo wesibili yi-headspace: ithangi eliphefumula umoya oswakeme lidonsa lowo mswakama ungene ngaphansi kophahla nasodongeni olungaphezulu, lapho lihlala lumanzi khona. Yingakho i-drain kanye nokuthambeka kwaphansi kubalulekile njengengxubevange, kungakho i-drain yaphansi evumela amanzi ukuphuma hhayi uwoyela kuphela kufanele icaciswe, nokuthi kungani i-316L ithetheleleka lapho imboni isebenza ngoyela onama-asidi noma i-soapstock, noma lapho indawo iseduze nolwandle.
Izindlela zokwehluleka ethangini lamafutha
Izindlela ezintathu, zonke ezingagwemeka ekucaciseni. Ukugqwaleka endaweni lapho amanzi namafutha kuhlangana khona lapho amanzi ane-chloride ehleli khona eduze naphansi. Ukugqwala phakathi nendawo noma emgodini ngaphansi kwento ebekwe phezulu, ngoba uwoyela ophethe izinto eziqinile ezincibilikayo uzobeka phansi endaweni evundlile futhi ugcine leyo nto ibekwe imanzi eduze kodonga. Kanye nokugqwala kwangaphandle kwiqokobhe, okuthi endaweni esogwini noma enomswakama ophezulu kubangelwa usawoti futhi kuhlasela iqokobhe elingezansi kanye nomugqa wesisekelo ngaphambi kwanoma yini enye. Endleleni ye-enamel, izindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo kulo mkhakha — ukuhlukaniswa endaweni yokuhlangana lapho iqokobhe liphoqeleka ukuba lingabi yindilinga ngenxa yokuhla kwesisekelo, kanye nokwakheka kwezimbobo ezincane ezivela ekushayweni ngesikhathi sokuphathwa — ziziphatha ngendlela efanayo lapha njengakwenye indawo, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC ngepuleti ngalinye ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuhlolwa okubamba okwesibili ngaphambi kokuba ibhokisi lishiya.
Ukucatshangelwa kokushisa nezinga
Amafutha e-soybean ayahamba, futhi ithangi kufanele liwavumele. Amafutha e-soybean acwengiwe avame ukugcinwa efudumele ukuze aqhubeke egeleza, ngakho-ke ithangi lingase libe ne-heating media ku-coil yangaphandle noma ku-coil yangaphakathi, futhi ukuhlelwa kwe-nozzle kuyashintsha ngokwalokho kukhetho. Futhi liyafiphala futhi liqine emazingeni okushisa aphansi, okusho ukuthi ithangi elizohlala lingasetshenziswa isikhathi sonyaka obandayo lidinga i-heat trace noma ukukhishwa ngokuphelele — iphansi elisicaba eline-outlet ebekwe kabi lishiya isivalo esiqinile esingafunwa muntu ukusithola ngoJanuwari. Ukulinganisa izinga kuthangi lamafutha kufanele kubhekele umkhiqizo onamathela ku-gauge efakwe phansi noma i-stilling well engayivimbeli amafutha; i-gauge ebambekile ethangini lamafutha adliwayo iyindaba yokulahlekelwa umkhiqizo, hhayi nje ukuphazamiseka kokulawula.
Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe
Ipharamitha | Inani Elijwayelekile / Ibanga | Qaphela |
Impahla yeqokwane | 304 / 316L insimbi engagqwali | 316L yamafutha ane-asidi, i-soapstock noma indawo yasogwini |
Ukuqedwa kwendawo | 2B / epholishiwe, i-Ra ephansi | Inani elilinganisiwe liyadingeka efayeleni |
Ukuhambisana nokuthintana nomkhiqizo | FDA / LFGB | Futhi i-NSF/ANSI 61 noma i-WRAS lapho kusebenza khona |
Isakhiwo sangaphakathi | Phansi okukhipha wonke amanzi, umsele wangaphansi wamanzi | Kunciphisa iseli lokugqwala elingaphansi kwamanzi |
Ukwakhiwa | Amaphaneli ashiselwe noma aboshiwe | Okuboshiwe kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi |
Ukujiya kwepuleti lodonga | 3–12 mm ngokwakhiwa | Akusilo ipharamitha elawulayo |
I-gasket | Kulinganiselwe uwoyela kanye nekhemistri yokuhlanza | Ingxenye engeyona eye-metallic kuphela ethintana nayo |
Enye indlela ye-Enamel | 0.25–0.45 mm ehlanganiswe ku-820–930 °C | I-Ra engaphansi kuka-0.8 µm, engasebenzi ku-pH 1–14 |
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Spark | 1500 V DC | Ukuhlolwa kwepuleti ngalinye endleleni ye-enamel |
Isikhathi sokuphila komklamo | ≥ 30 iminyaka | Insizakalo yokugcina uwoyela odliwayo ojwayelekile |
Ukukala noku-oda ifayela
Umthamo ulandela uhlelo lokuhlanza noma lokucindezela; imibhalo inquma ukwamukelwa. Thatha izinga lokukhiqiza kanye nenani lezinsuku zokuvikela ngokuhambisana nephethini yokuthumela, vumela ukumiswa kokukhiqiza okungekho, bese ulinganisa ithangi ngobukhulu obukhulu kulezi zimbili. Bese ucacisa lokho okuzokweluswa ukucwaningwa kwama-oyili adliwayo: isitifiketi se-alloy esinokulandelelwa kwenombolo yokushisa, umbiko wokuqedwa kwendawo kanye nerekhodi le-passivation, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kokushisela, ukucaciswa kwe-gasket kanye ne-sanitary fitting, futhi endleleni ye-enamel irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ngepuleti ngalinye kanye nombiko wokhahlelo. Buza ukuthi isifakelo sibhekene naluphi uhlaka — i-FDA, i-LFGB, noma izinga likazwelonke lama-oyili adliwayo — futhi ucele isilinganiso sokuqedwa ngemuva kwe-passivation hhayi ngaphambi kwayo, ngoba yilokho okungaphezulu okuhlangana nomkhiqizo.
Icala Lomklamo
Umklamo | Indawo | Umkhiqizo | Umthamo | Ububanzi |
Ithangi lokusetshenziswa kwamanzi | Malaysia | Ithangi lensimbi engagqwali | 815 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwensimbi engagqwali yokusetshenziswa kwamanzi |
Ithangi lokugcina imfucuza yendwangu | Tunisia | Ithangi lensimbi engagqwali | 846 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwensimbi engagqwali yesevisi yendle |
Ithangi lokugcina lamanzi angcolile kamasipala | Czech Republic | Ithangi lensimbi engagqwali | 647 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwensimbi engagqwali yesevisi yamanzi angcolile |
Isitoreji samanzi angcolile e-brewery | Sichuan, China | Amathangi e-GFS | 14,655 m³ | Ukunikezwa kwesevisi yendawo yokupheka utshwala |
Ithangi elikhulu eliboshwe ngamabhawodi | INamibia | Ithangi le-GFS | 44,900 m³ | Ukunikezwa nokugadwa |
Amandla Obunjiniyela Be-Center Enamel
I-Center Enamel (Shijiazhuang Zhengzhong Technology Co., Ltd) isungule futhi yakha amathangi okugcina axhunywe ngamabhawudi kusukela ngo-2008. Njengomkhiqizi wokuqala wamathangi e-glass-fused-to-steel (GFS) eChina, inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi acishe abe ngu-200 ahlobene ne-enamel, ikhiqiza cishe amapuleti ensimbi ehlanganiswe ne-enamel angu-300,000 ngonyaka, isiqedile amaphrojekthi afakiwe angaphezu kuka-30,000 futhi ihlinzeka ngamathangi ayo emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Isizinda esisha sokukhiqiza esingu-150,000 m² sengezwe ukuze kunyuswe amandla okukhiqiza, futhi amathangi angawodwa ahlinzekwa afinyelela ku-60,000 m³. Ukukhiqiza kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001, ngesitifiketi somkhiqizo esihlanganisa i-NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, FDA, LFGB, CE (EN 1090), ISO 28765, FM, BSCI ne-EUROCODE, futhi idizayini ibhekisela ku-AWWA D103-09, AWWA C550 ne-NFPA lapho uhlelo ludinga khona.
Kumafutha adliwayo kanye nesevisi yoketshezi lokudla lokhu kuhlanganisa amathangi e-304 ne-316L stainless kanye namathangi e-enamel glass-fused-to-steel, kanye nengxabano yokuthintana nomkhiqizo, ukubuyekezwa kokugqwala kwamanzi angaphansi, izidingo ze-thermal kanye nokudonsa amanzi, kanye nesethi ephelele yemibhalo yokuthintana nokudla.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1: Ingabe i-304 yanele yokugcina uwoyela wamabhontshisi?
A1: Kumafutha kabhontshisi acwengiwe agcinwa efudumele futhi ekhishwa kahle, u-304 uvamise ukwanele. U-316L uba yisinqumo esifanele lapho isitshalo siphinde sisebenze namafutha ane-asidi noma i-soapstock, lapho i-chloride ikhona emanzini angaphansi, noma lapho indawo iseduze nolwandle futhi umoya onosawoti ufinyelela kuqweqwe.
Q2: Yini empeleni egqwala ithangi?
A1: Amanzi angaphansi kwamafutha, kanye nendawo enomswakama engaphezulu. Amafutha acwengiwe awanangozi kuyi-stainless; umswakama oncibilikile, noma yimaphi amanzi okugeza, noma ikhoyili evuzayo idala ungqimba lwamanzi olune-chloride olugqobhoza phansi, futhi indawo ephefumulayo enomswakama imanisa ingaphansi kophahla.
Q3: Yiziphi izitifiketi ezisebenza ekuxhumaneni namafutha adliwayo?
A1: I-FDA ne-LFGB yizona zinkomba ezijwayelekile zokuthintana nokudla. I-NSF/ANSI 61 ne-WRAS zibalulekile lapho kuhileke namanzi aphuzwayo. I-CE (EN 1090) ne-ISO 28765 zihlanganisa umkhiqizo wesakhiwo, futhi umsebenzi wenziwa ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9001 ne-ISO 45001.
Umbuzo 4: Kungani ukuthambeka kwaphansi nokudonsa amanzi kubalulekile?
Impendulo 1: Ngoba iseli lokugqwala lakheka lapho amanzi ehlala ngaphansi kukawoyela. Iphansi elikhipha wonke amanzi kanye nokudonsa kwaphansi okususa amanzi hhayi uwoyela kuphela kugcina indawo ethintanayo yomile, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emkhiqizweni wamafutha kunamanzi.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe ithangi lingaba ithangi le-enamel ehlanganisiwe?
Impendulo 1: Lapho umsebenzi uvumela udonga olungelona insimbi, yebo — i-enamel ihlanganiswa ku-820 kuya ku-930 °C, ayinayo imiphumela futhi ibushelelezi ngaphansi kuka-0.8 µm Ra, futhi iyindawo esemthethweni yokuthinta ukudla enokuhambisana ne-FDA ne-LFGB. Ekuthinteni uwoyela ohlanzekile kakhulu lapho kungekho mbozeko ongavunyelwa, ingxubevange iyisinqumo esifanele.
Umbuzo 6: Ingabe ithangi lidinga ukushisisa?
A1: Imvamisa, ukugcina uwoyela ugeleza. Shono ukuthi ukushisa kuyikhoyili yangaphandle, ikhoyili yangaphakathi noma i-trace, ngoba kushintsha ukuhlelwa kwe-nozzle kanye nezikhala zangaphakathi, futhi ikhoyili evuzayo ifaka amanzi ane-chloride ngqo ethangini likawoyela odliwayo.
Q7: Yimaphi amadokhumenti ahamba nethangi likawoyela odliwayo?
A1: Isitifiketi se-alloy esine-heat number traceability, umbiko wokuqedwa kwendawo, irekhodi le-passivation, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kokushisela, kanye nokucaciswa kwe-gasket. Endleleni ye-enamel engeza irekhodi lokuhlolwa kwe-spark ye-1500 V DC ngepuleti ngalinye kanye nombiko wokhahlelo olusetshenziswe endaweni eqediwe.
Amathangi kawoyela wamabhontshisi ahluleka phansi emanzini hhayi emoyeni, futhi ahlolwa endaweni yawo yokuthintana hhayi umthamo wawo. I-304 ihlanganisa insizakalo ecwengekile, i-316L ihlanganisa uwoyela one-asidi, i-soapstock kanye nokuchayeka ogwini, kanti indlela ye-enamel ehlanganisiwe ihlanganisa imisebenzi lapho udonga olungelona olwensimbi oluvumelekile lwamukeleka. Faka ukuhambisa amanzi phansi, umswakama wendawo yekhanda kanye nesidingo sokushisa emazini kanye ne-alloy, bese ucela isilinganiso sokuqedwa ngemuva kwe-passivation. Ngale ndlela ithangi licaciswa ngokuya ngomkhiqizo hhayi ngokuya ngevolumu.
Khuluma Nonjiniyela
Sithumele izinga lamafutha nokuthi umafutha angahluziwe, ahluziwe, ane-asidi noma i-soapstock kufakwa yini, umthamo ogciniwe ngokuhambisana nephethini yakho yokuthumela, nokuthi ukushisa noma umkhondo kuyadingeka yini, noma yikuphi i-chloride emanzini angaphansi, ukuchayeka kwesizinda, kanye nohlaka lokuxhumana nokudla ocwaningwa ngalo. Sizobuyisela isincomo se-alloy nesizathu, ukuqhathanisa okumboziwe ne-alloy, ukubuyekezwa kokudonsa amanzi nokushisa, kanye nesethi yemibhalo. Ubunjiniyela kuqala, akunasibopho, futhi akukho ucingo lokuthengisa kuze kube yilapho incazelo yokucaciswa isiqediwe.
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