Iyini Ithangi le-API 650?
Kwadalwa ngo 06.05
Iyini Ithangi le-API 650?
Ithangi le-API 650 liyithangi lensimbi eliqondile, eliyindilinga, elingaphezulu komhlaba elihlanganisiwe eliklanywa, lakhiwe, futhi lihlolwe ngokuvumelana nezinga elingu-650 elisungulwe yi-American Petroleum Institute (API). Leli zinga limelela ibhentshimakhi yobunjiniyela bamazwe ngamazwe yemikhumbi yokugcina enomfutho ophansi nowomoya esetshenziselwa ukugcina uwoyela ongahluziwe, uphethiloli, imikhiqizo kaphethiloli ecwengisiwe, amakhemikhali, namanzi angcolile ezimbonini.
Ukuthobela i-API 650 kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubukhulu bodonga lwethangi, impahla yepuleti, ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo wesisekelo, kanye nezinqubo zokushisela kungamelana ngokuphephile nezingcindezi zangaphakathi zamanzi kanye namandla amabi emvelo angaphandle, okuhlanganisa nemithwalo emikhulu yomoya kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba.
Imininingwane Eyisisekelo Yomklamo kanye Nemikhawulo Yokusebenza
Izinga le-API 650 lichaza ngokuqinile ububanzi balo ngokusekelwe emingceleni ethile yokusebenza:
● Ingcindezi Yokusebenza: Iklanyelwe izingcindezi zasemoyeni noma zangaphakathi ezifinyelela ku-2.5 psig (amaphawundi nge-inch yesikwele), noma ngaphezulu uma kuhlangatshezwana nemithetho ethile yomklamo ku-Appendix F.
● Izinga Lokushisa Lokusebenza: Ngokuvamile liklanyelwe ukusebenza okungafakwanga esiqandisini kusukela ku-–40°C kuya ku-93°C (200°F), kanye nezigcawu eziyisipesheli (ezifana ne-Annex M) ezivumela amazinga okushisa aphakeme afinyelela ku-260°C (500°F).
● Isisekelo: Sakhiwe phezu kwendawo eyisisekelo eyisicaba, njengodonga lwendilinga lwesihlabathi esinamafutha, udonga lwendilinga lukakhonkolo, noma iphedi lezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezicindezelwe.
● Ubuqotho Bezinto Ezisetshenziswa: Kusetshenziswa amazinga avunyelwe ensimbi yekhabhoni yesakhiwo, insimbi enamandla aphansi ne-alloy ephansi, noma insimbi engagqwali. Ubukhulu bamapuleti bubalwa ngezibalo kusetshenziswa indlela ye-1-foot noma indlela yokuklama eguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe kubunzima bomkhiqizo nokuphakama kwethangi.
Ukuhlelwa Kophahla Lokulawula Ukukhishwa Kwemfucuza
Kuye ngokushintshashintsha koketshezi olugciniwe kanye nemithetho yezemvelo, amathangi e-API 650 akhiwa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zophahla:
1. Uphahla Olungaguquki (Izakhiwo Eziyikhoni noma Eziyidomu): Kufanelekile ukugcina amanzi, amafutha asindayo, noma amakhemikhali azinzile lapho ukulahleka komhwamuko kuncane.
2. Uphahla Oluntantayo Olungaphandle (EFR): Umklamo wethangi elivulekile lapho isitezi sensimbi esintantayo sintanta ngqo phezu koketshezi, sisusa izikhala zomhwamuko futhi sinciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwezinto eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo (VOC) emikhiqizweni eguquguqukayo njengowoyela ongahluziwe.
3. I-Floating Roofs yangaphakathi (IFR): Ihlanganisa uphahla olungaphandle olungaguquki kanye nedekhi entantayo yangaphakathi, inikeza ukuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu sophahla olungaguquki kanye nokuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwedekhi entantayo.
Ukuqhathanisa Kwezobuchwepheshe: I-API 650 vs. Amazinga Ahlukile
Ipharamitha / Isici | I-API 650 (Insimbi Eshiselwe) | I-AWWA D103 (Insimbi Enamabhawodi / I-GFS) | I-API 620 (Ingcindezi Ephansi) |
Ukusetshenziswa Okuyisisekelo | Amafutha, igesi, amakhemikhali, amanzi | Amanzi okuphuza, amanzi angcolile, ezolimo | Imikhiqizo kaphethiloli, i-LNG, amakhemikhali |
Indlela Yokwakha | Ukushisela endaweni | Kwenziwe ngaphambilini efektri, kuboshwe ngezikulufu endaweni | Ukushisela endaweni |
Ububanzi Bomingcele Wokucindezela | Kusukela emoyeni ovamile kuya ku-2.5 psig | Umoya ovamile | Kusukela ku-2.5 psig kuya ku-15 psig |
Ubude Besikhathi Sokusebenza Nokunakekela | Ubude besikhathi sokusebenza obude; kudinga ukuphintwa kukapende ngaphandle ngezikhathi ezithile | Iminyaka engu-30+; akukho ukunakekela kwangaphakathi okucishe kube khona kwe-GFS | Ukuphila isikhathi eside; ukuhlolwa okuqinile kokushisela |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Umbuzo: Uyini umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-API 650 ne-API 620?
Impendulo: Umehluko oyisisekelo ingcindezi yokusebenza yangaphakathi. I-API 650 ihlanganisa amathangi omoya kanye nengcindezi ephansi afinyelela ku-2.5 psig. I-API 620 ilawula amathangi amakhulu okugcina anengcindezi ephansi asebenza phakathi kuka-2.5 psig no-15 psig, avame ukusetshenziselwa ukugcina amakhemikhali akhethekile kanye negesi ewuketshezi.
Umbuzo: Ingabe amathangi anamabhawodi ahlanganisiwe ngaphansi kwezinga le-API 650?
A: Cha. Izinga le-API 650 lisebenza ngokuqondile emathangeni ensimbi ahlanganisiwe. Nakuba amathangi ahlanganisiwe (njengamathangi e-Glass-Fused-to-Stevel enziwe yi-Center Enamel) esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi ezifanayo zezimboni, aklanywa futhi aqinisekiswa ngaphansi kwamazinga ashintshile afana ne-AWWA D103 noma i-ISO 28765.
Q: Hlobo luni lokuhlola okungonakalisi (NDT) oludingekayo ethangini le-API 650?
A: I-API 650 igunyaza izinyathelo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwama-weld ngokubuka, ukuhlolwa ngebhokisi lomoya emapuletini angezansi, ukuhlolwa ngezinhlayiya ezinamandla kazibuthe noma uketshezi olungena, kanye nokuhlolwa nge-Radiographic Testing (RT) noma i-Ultrasonic Testing (UT) emaweldini aqondile nangaphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kwesakhiwo.
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